一、刻意练习

1、何谓刻意练习？

心理学家K.Anders Ericsson写了一本《刻意练习》的书，指一个人从新手到大师是一个怎样的成长的轨迹，这里面做了大量的研究，他发现一个人要想快速的学习和成长，很重要的就应该走出自己的舒适区，进入到学习区，当然所谓的学习不易于揠苗助长，拔得太高，所以正确的方式是在熟练的基础层面，我们可以提出挑战，就会变成能学会的技能，至于那些距离我们现在比较远的技能，我们不需要过多的去操心，我们只需要在每次训练的时候进步一点点就好了。

①走出舒适区

科学家们考察花样滑冰运动员时发现，普通的动动员更喜欢练自己早已掌握了的动作，面顶尖运动员则更多地练习各种高难度动作。

普通爱好者打高尔夫球纯粹是为了享受打球的过程，而职业运动员则集中练习在各种极端不舒服的位置打球。

②走进学习区

从不会到会，秘诀是再来一次

③跳出恐慌出

你恐慌英语吗？

2、刻意练习的前提

①找准好老师

        掌握底层规律，

        推进认知长级，

        告别“低水平秦奋”。

②拥抱好心态

        以过程为导向的学习，

        赋予工作更丰富的内涵，

        激发成就动机。

3、科学自学宝典

时间分配

Day 1词汇（20分钟）

Day 2表达（30分钟）

Day 3配音（10分钟）

Day 4精听（时不时蹦出来）

㈠Day1词汇20分钟  Lesson30 Football or polo?足球还是水球?

The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.

I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.

It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.

Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.

Suddenly, one of the children kicked aball very hard and it went to wards a passing boat.

Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.

The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they hadall run away!

The man laughed when he realized what had happened.

He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.

㈡Day 2表达30分钟

降维笔记分三类

①时态（简单句学时态）

②从句（从句学连词）

③连词

从句降维简单句，选择连词见功夫

1.The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.

简单句：①The Wayle is a small river.

                ②The Wayle cuts across the park near my home.

从句三步法：

一合：The Wayle is a small river the Wayle cuts across the park near my home.

二去：The Wayle is a small river cuts across the park near my home.

三添加：The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.(that也可以换成and it )

断句：The Wayle is a small river / that cuts across the park near my home.

仿写：Tyger是一位教我们拼读的阳光老师。

简单句：Tyger是一位好老师。Tyger is a sunshine teacher.

Tyger教我们拼读。Tyger teaches us phonics.

合在一起：Tyger is a sunshine teacher / that teaches us phonics.

积木法学从句：在学从句的过程中，先把这些简单的句子拼在一起，通过一合，二去，三添加的方式，很容易的就把从句造出来了，这个过程像极了搭积木。

2.It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.

简单句：①It was warm last Sunday.

                ②I went and sat on the river bank as usual.

从句两步法：一合二添加

一合：It was warm last Sunday, I went and sat on the river bank as usual.

二添加：It was warm last Sunday,so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.（因为很暖和，所以跟往常一样）

仿写：It was cold last Sunday, so I stayed at home and did not go anywhere.(那个星期天很冷，所以我呆在家里哪儿也没去。)

积木一：It was cold last Sunday.

积木二：I stayed at home.

积木三：I did not go anywhere.

搭积木：It was cold last Sunday,so I stayed at home and did not go anywhere.（这句用了so和and两个连词）

3. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.

简单句：①Some children were playing games on the bank.

                ②There were some people rowing on the river.

从句两步法：一合二添加

一合：Some children were playing games on the bank，there were some people rowing on the river.

二添加：Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing onthe river.

温故知新：Some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield.

（上面两句用and与while的区别,第1句因为在岸上玩游戏的孩子与在河里划船的这些人他们不是在一起的，目标也不一致，所以连词用and。而第2句有的警察在里面等，有的人在外面追，这些人是统一行动的，所以连词用的是while）

仿写：放学后，一些同学扫地，还有一些同学擦玻璃。

积木一：Some students were sweeping the floor.

积木二：Some students were cleaning the windows.

搭积木：After school, Some students were sweeping the floor,while some students were cleaning the windows.

4. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing

boat.（这里one of the children也可换成one children,只不过one children是指一个孩子在踢球，而one of the children是指一群孩子其中的一个在踢球。）

简单句：①Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ballvery hard.

                ②It went towards a passing boat.

从句两步法：

一合：Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard,it went towards a passing boat.

二添加：Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat.

仿写：一个同学猛一踢，球径直射向了Tyger的头。

积木一：One of the children kicked the ball very hard.

积木二：The ball went towardsTyger’s head.

搭积木：One of the children kicked the ball very hard and it(指代球) went towardsTyger’s head.

5. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.

简单句：①Some people on the bank called out to theman in the boat.

                ②He did not hear them.

从句两步法：

一合：Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, he did not hear them.

二添加：Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat,but he did not hear them.

仿写：我喜欢香蕉，但我不喜欢苹果。

积木一：I like bananas.

积木二：I don’t like apples.

搭积木：I like bananas，but I don’t like apples.

6. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

简单句：①The ball struck him so hard.

                ②He nearly fell into the water.

从句两步法：

一合：The ball struck him so hard he nearly fell into the water.

二添加：The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

仿写：盒子太重，我搬不动。

积木一：The box is so heavy. / The box is too heavy.

积木二：I cannot carry it.

搭积木一：The box is so heavy that I cannot carry it.

搭积木二：The box is too heavy for me to carry.

7. I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away!

简单句：①I turned to look at the children.

                ②there weren't any in sight : they had all run away!

从句两步法：

一合：I turned to look at the children, there weren't any in sight: they had all run away!

二添加：I turned to look at the children,but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away!

仿写：卖为柴的小女孩想再看一眼那些吃的喝的，但什么都没有，吃的喝的全消失了。

积木一：The match girl wanted to see the food and drinks again.

积木二：There weren’t any in sight.

积木三：They had all gone.

搭积木：The match girl wanted to see the food and drinks again，but there weren’t anyin sight，they had all gone!

8. The man laughed when he realized what had happened.

简单句：①The man laughed。  

                ②He realized what had happened.

从句两步法：

一合：The man laughed，he realized what had happened.

二添加：The man laughed when he realized what had happened.

仿写：当Jerry说Tyger很帅时, Tyger笑了。

积木一：Tyger smiled.

积木二：Jerry told Tyger. / Jerry said.

积木三：Tyger is handsome.

搭积木一：Jerry told Tyger that he was handsome. / Jerry said that Tyger was handsome.

搭积木二：Tyger smiled when Jerry told Tyger that he was handsome.

写从句的时候，首先按照中文意思看看一个从句有几个简单句，然后像搭积木一样把几个简单句结合在一起，就可以轻松写出从句了。

9. He called out to the children and threwthe ball back to the bank.

简单句：①He called out to the children。

                ②He threw the ball back to the bank.

从句两步法：

一合：He called out to the children，threw the ball back to the bank.

二添加：He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.

㈢Day 3配音10分钟

配音课文时，注意文中连词的运用，多多体会。