如何正确停止线程
使用 interrupt 来通知,而不是强制
1:普通情况停止线程
public class RightWayStopThreadWithoutSleep implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
int num = 0;
while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted() && num <= Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2) {
if (num % 10000 == 0) {
System.out.println(num + "是1W的倍数");
}
num++;
}
System.out.println("任务运行结束!");
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(new RightWayStopThreadWithoutSleep());
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
// 通知停止线程
thread.interrupt();
}
}
通知停止线程
thread.interrupt();
并且线程需要配合
Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()
运行结果:
……
……
221730000是1W的倍数
221740000是1W的倍数
221750000是1W的倍数
221760000是1W的倍数
221770000是1W的倍数
221780000是1W的倍数
221790000是1W的倍数
221800000是1W的倍数
任务运行结束!
Process finished with exit code 0
2:线程可能被阻塞情况下停止线程
public class RightWayStopThreadWithSleep {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Runnable runnable = () -> {
int num = 0;
while (num <= 300 && !Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
if (num % 100 == 0) {
System.out.println(num + "是100的倍数");
}
num++;
}
try {
// 等个1秒,模拟阻塞
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("线程已停止!!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
};
Thread thread = new Thread(runnable);
thread.start();
// 等待时间要小于上面设置的1秒,不然线程都运行结束了,才执行到下面的thread.interrupt();代码
Thread.sleep(500);
// 通知停止线程
thread.interrupt();
}
}
线程在sleep 1秒的过程中,收到interrupt信号被打断,
线程正在sleep过程中响应中断的方式就是抛出 InterruptedException 异常
运行结果:
0是100的倍数
100是100的倍数
200是100的倍数
300是100的倍数
线程已停止!!
java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at stopthreads.RightWayStopThreadWithSleep.lambda$main$0(RightWayStopThreadWithSleep.java:19)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Process finished with exit code 0
3:线程在每次迭代后都阻塞的情况下停止线程
public class RightWayStopThreadWithSleepEveryLoop {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Runnable runnable = () -> {
int num = 0;
try {
while (num <= 10000) {
if (num % 100 == 0) {
System.out.println(num + "是100的倍数");
}
num++;
// 每次循环都要等待10毫秒,模拟阻塞
Thread.sleep(10);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
};
Thread thread = new Thread(runnable);
thread.start();
// 5秒后通知停止线程
Thread.sleep(5000);
thread.interrupt();
}
}
当每次迭代都会让线程阻塞一段时间的时候,在while/for循环条件判断时,是不需要判断线程是否中断的Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()
如果将上述代码的 try/catch 放在 while 循环内
public class RightWayStopThreadWithSleepEveryLoop {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Runnable runnable = () -> {
int num = 0;
while (num <= 10000) {
if (num % 100 == 0) {
System.out.println(num + "是100的倍数");
}
num++;
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
Thread thread = new Thread(runnable);
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(5000);
thread.interrupt();
}
}
运行结果:
0是100的倍数
100是100的倍数
200是100的倍数
300是100的倍数
400是100的倍数
java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at stopthreads.RightWayStopThreadWithSleepEveryLoop.lambda$main$0(RightWayStopThreadWithSleepEveryLoop.java:18)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
500是100的倍数
600是100的倍数
700是100的倍数
……
……
会发现虽然抛出了异常,但是程序并没有停止,还在继续输出,
即使在while条件判断处添加 !Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted() 条件,依然不能停止程序!
原因:
java语言在设计sleep函数时,有这样一个理念:就是当它一旦响应中断,便会把interrupt标记位清除。
也就是说虽然线程在sleep过程中收到了interrupt中断通知,并且也捕获到了异常打印了异常信息,但是由于sleep设计理念,导致Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()标记位会被清除,所以才会导致程序不能退出。
两种停止线程最佳方法
1. 捕获了InterruptedException之后的优先选择:在方法签名中抛出异常
public class RightWayStopThreadInProd implements Runnable {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(new RightWayStopThreadInProd());
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
thread.interrupt();
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
System.out.println("go...");
try {
throwInMethod();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// 捕获异常,进行保存日志、停止程序等操作
System.out.println("stop");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 如果方法内要抛出异常,最好是将异常抛出去,由顶层的调用方去处理,而不是try/catch
* 这样调用方才能捕获异常并作出其它操作
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
private void throwInMethod() throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
}
如果方法内要抛出异常,最好是将异常抛出去,由顶层的调用方去处理,而不是try/catch
这样调用方才能捕获异常并做出其它操作。
2. 在catch中调用Thread.currentThread().interrupt();来恢复设置中断状态
public class RightWayStopThreadInProd2 implements Runnable {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(new RightWayStopThreadInProd2());
thread.start();
Thread.sleep(1000);
thread.interrupt();
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
System.out.println("程序运行结束");
break;
}
reInterrupt();
}
}
private void reInterrupt() {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}