Jenkins安装---Linux发行版

一、Debian/Ubuntu

在Debian和基于Debian发行版（ubuntu）的Linux上可以使用apt命令来安装Jenkins

1.1 长期支持版

长期支持版每12周发布一个版本，是Jenkins的稳定版。可以从debian-stable apt repository安装：

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ > \
    /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

1.2 Weekly release

Weekly release每周发布一个版本，用来修复bug和新增功能。可以从 debian apt repository安装：

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian binary/ > \
    /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

如果安装过程中报如下错误：

jenkins : Depends: daemon but it is not installable

需要增加"universe" apt repository执行以下命令：

sudo add-apt-repository universe

安装包会执行以下操作：

设置Jenkins开机启动，启动文件在 /etc/init.d/jenkins
以Jenkins用户启动服务
Create a ‘jenkins’ user to run this service.
日志输出到/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log
配置文件在 /etc/default/jenkins，比如JENKINS_HOME

1.3 安装Java

Jenkins的运行依赖Java环境，所以需要安装Java，有许多Java的实现，这里选择OpenJDK。

更新apt源

sudo apt update

搜索可用的安装包

sudo apt search openjdk

安装对应的包

sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk

确认安装包

java -version

openjdk version "1.8.0_252"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_252-8u252-b09-1ubuntu1-b09)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.252-b09, mixed mode)

二、Fedora

Fedoa通过dnf命令安装Jenkins。首先需要安装Jenkins的源。

2.1 Long Term Support release

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
sudo dnf upgrade
sudo dnf install jenkins java-devel

2.2 Weekly release

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    http://pkg.jenkins-ci.org/redhat/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://jenkins-ci.org/redhat/jenkins-ci.org.key
sudo dnf upgrade
sudo dnf install jenkins java-devel

Start Jenkins

启动方式

sudo systemctl start jenkins

查看启动状态

sudo systemctl status jenkins

如果一切正常，输出如下

Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; generated)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-11-13 16:19:01 +03; 4min 57s ago

如果启动了firewall，需要添加Jenkins的端口到防火墙：

YOURPORT=8080
PERM="--permanent"
SERV="$PERM --service=jenkins"

firewall-cmd $PERM --new-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-short="Jenkins ports"
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-description="Jenkins port exceptions"
firewall-cmd $SERV --add-port=$YOURPORT/tcp
firewall-cmd $PERM --add-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

三、Red Hat / CentOS

通过yum命令来安装Jenkins。

3.1 Long Term Support release

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
sudo yum upgrade
sudo yum install jenkins java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

3.2 Weekly release

A new release is produced weekly to deliver bug fixes and features to users and plugin developers. It can be installed from the redhat yum repository.

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.io.key
sudo yum upgrade
sudo yum install jenkins java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

3.3 Start Jenkins

启动命令

sudo systemctl start jenkins

查看启动状态

sudo systemctl status jenkins

Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; generated)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-11-13 16:19:01 +03; 4min 57s ago
...

同样的，如果启动了firewall，需要添加相应的防火墙策略：

YOURPORT=8080
PERM="--permanent"
SERV="$PERM --service=jenkins"

firewall-cmd $PERM --new-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-short="Jenkins ports"
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-description="Jenkins port exceptions"
firewall-cmd $SERV --add-port=$YOURPORT/tcp
firewall-cmd $PERM --add-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload