[亚马逊、脸书在印度遇到意料之外的障碍：中国(华尔街日报原文链接-版权归原杂志和作者所有-好像只有手机能看)](http://Amazon and Facebook Hit Unexpected Obstacle in India: China - The Wall Street Journal https://apple.news/AVCzOHlm2RIajm5aP7urZiQ)
原文翻译如下
版权声明：文章版权归原杂志和作者所有。翻译仅为英语学习之用。谢绝任何转载及用于任何商业用途。
While American tech companies look to boost local subsidiaries, Chinese firms pour money into startups.
翻译：美国科技公司期望发展当地子公司的同时，中国公司向新创企业投入了大量资金。
As the U.S.'s top tech brands ramp up operations in India, they are running into unexpected resistance: Their Chinese equivalents are stepping in to bolster their Indian competitors with billions of dollars in investments and expertise.
翻译：当美国的顶尖科技品牌扩大印度市场业务时，他们遇到了不曾想到的阻碍：他们的中国竞争对手正在投入大量资金和技术来支持印度本土公司。
In recent years, Amazon.com Inc. , Facebook Inc. , Uber Technologies Inc. and others have announced ambitious plans and rapid rollouts in India, calling it one of the last great untapped internet economies.
翻译：近年来，亚马逊、脸书、Uber科技和其他公司宣布了他们雄心勃勃的印度市场计划，他们把印度称为最后一片未被开发的互联网经济市场。
The U.S firms plan to use their massive war chests to dominate India's market of more than 1.2 billion people, most of whom are just now connecting to the internet. The companies have been able to use their capital to capture significant market share, but local startups have put up a good fight, going toe to toe with the U.S. giants thanks to help from China.
翻译：这些公司试图用高额的专款基金投入来占领这个超过十二亿人口的印度市场。这十二亿人口中的大部分人现在才刚连接上互联网。这些公司可以利用资本占据大量市场份额，但是由于来自中国的帮助，印度本土新创企业准备与美国这些科技巨头一争高下。
More U.S. tech firms are pouring money into their Indian subsidiaries, expanding their cutting-edge offerings directly into the market as it begins to mature, and largely without the regulatory challenges found in China. Amazon is investing $5 billion in its operations in India, while Uber is putting more than $1 billion into the country. India is Facebook's second-biggest market in terms of users after the U.S., and more people use its WhatsApp messaging platform in the country than anywhere else.
翻译：很多美国科技公司向印度分公司注入大量资本，直接扩大他们先进产品的市场。印度市场已经开始成熟，而且不像中国那样存在规则制度的挑战。亚马逊对他印度业务投入50亿美元，Uber在印度投入超过10亿美元。就用户数量而已，印度是脸书第二大的市场，仅次于美国；这个国家使用WhatsApp信息平台的人口数量超过任何其他国家。
But joining the battle for India's internet newcomers are China's tech titans—including Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. (e-commerce), Tencent Holdings Ltd. (social networking) and Didi Chuxing Technology Co. (ride-hailing)—all of which are providing muscle to their Indian counterparts.
翻译：但是新加入这场印度新兴互联网市场争夺战的是中国的科技巨头：阿里巴巴、腾讯和滴滴出行，他们正在为印度对应的公司提供帮助与力量。
Alibaba this month led a $200 million round of fundraising into a new e-commerce arm of Indian mobile-payments and online-shopping startup Paytm. That followed its 2015 investment, with its financial-services affiliate Zhejiang Ant Small & Micro Financial Services Group, of more than $500 million for a 40% stake in One97 Communications, Paytm's parent company.
翻译：阿里巴巴这个月向一个叫做Paytm的印度新创公司投入2亿美元。Paytm是一家做移动支付和网上购物的电子商务新公司。在此之前，阿里巴巴的子公司蚂蚁金服曾在2015年向Paytm的母公司投入5亿资金以获得40%的股份。
“India is an important emerging market with great potential,” said an Alibaba spokesman.
翻译：“印度是一个重要的新兴市场，有巨大的潜力”，阿里巴巴的发言人说道。
Chinese interest in Indian startups has shot up just as U.S. investment has waned. In 2015 and 2016, Chinese tech firms invested a total of $3.2 billion in Indian startups, more than twice the $1.4 billion invested in Indian startups by U.S. companies during those years, according to AVCJ Research in Hong Kong.
翻译：在美国投资减少的同时，中国对印度新创公司的兴趣突然增加。据香港的AVCJ报导，在2015和2016年，中国科技公司共投资了32亿美元给印度新创公司，比美国公司这些年向印度新创公司投入的14亿美元的两倍还要多。
Indian startups—sometimes clones of the American trailblazers—thrived for years as Western companies showed little interest in emerging markets. When U.S. companies turned their attention and money to the Asian subcontinent, they made rapid gains and may have expected to easily outspend and outlast their tiny local rivals, said Neha Dharia, a Bangalore, India, analyst with London technology research firm Ovum.
翻译：当西方公司对新兴市场没有任何兴趣的时候，印度的新创公司-有时是美国创新公司的克隆版-发展了很多年。当美国公司把注意力和钱投入到亚洲次大陆的时候，他们迅速有所收获，也许还期望能够轻而易举地超过他们本地的小竞争对手，Neha Dharia说道。Neha是一名分析师，印度班加罗尔人，就职于伦敦的科技研究所Ovum。
But Indian startups have fought back with strong local brands and Chinese backing. U.S. firms likely “didn’t expect the local guys to give them such a run for their business,” she said.
翻译：但是印度新创公司靠着自己强有力的本土符号和中国的支持进行反击。美国公司好像“并不期望这个本地公司给他们做生意的机会”，她说道。
An Amazon spokeswoman declined to comment on how Chinese investments have changed the playing field in India, but said the company has made rapid strides in the country and is “committed to long-term investment” in e-commerce infrastructure and technology in India.
翻译：亚马逊发言人拒绝对中国投资如何改变了印度市场的玩法做出评论，但是说到公司已经取得了快速的进展，而且在印度电商基础设施和科技上，他们“致力于长期投资”。
Uber and WhatsApp declined to comment. Facebook didn’t respond to requests for comment.
翻译：Uber和WhatsApp拒绝评论。脸熟没有理会要求评论的请求。
Chinese firms may have an edge in India because its budding internet economy is familiar territory. With tens of millions of new users connecting to the internet for the first time via low-cost smartphones and affordable data plans, India’s startup environment today compares with China’s a decade ago, some analysts say—when rapid adoption of the web and strict government controls on foreign firms allowed Chinese web companies to flourish.
翻译：中国公司可能在印度有优势，因为崭新的互联网经济是它熟悉的领域。通过低成本的智能手机和可以负担的数据计划，数以亿计的新用户第一次连接到互联网。今天印度新创公司的环境像十年前的中国，一些分析师说，当时互联网的快速接入和政府对外资公司的严格控制使得中国网络公司繁荣发展。
Many Chinese firms have launched their own brands directly in India but most have failed to take off. The English-speaking populace that dominates India’s internet is more familiar with American and local names. As a plan B, the Chinese leaders are now buying into Indian startups eager for money as they try to survive the competition from U.S. giants.
翻译：许多中国公司直接在印度创建了自己的品牌，但是更多的人失败了。统治互联网的民众说的是英语，他们更熟悉美国和本土的名字。退而求其次，中国领导现在正在买渴望资金的印度新创公司，通过这种方式来试图和美国科技公司竞争。
Chinese ride-hailing app Didi, which proved it could beat a global leader last year when it forced Uber to give up on China, has had a stake in ANI Technologies Pvt. Ltd.—the company behind India’s largest Uber competitor, Ola—since 2015.
Last year, Tencent, which is behind China’s wildly popular WeChat social-networking app, led a $175 million fundraising round in New Delhi-based messaging app Hike Ltd., which competes with WhatsApp.
翻译：自从2015年来，去年逼迫Uber放弃中国市场、证明自己能够打败世界巨头的中国打车app 滴滴，已经在ANI科技公司占有一定股份。这个公司是Uber在印度最大竞争对手的支持者。去年，腾讯，中国最受欢迎的微信社交程序的母公司，为Hike app筹款1.75亿美元。Hike是WhatsApp的竞争对手。
The Chinese companies are offering more than cash. They are giving Indian companies expertise in how to tailor services to a vast, diverse and less affluent populace.
翻译：中国公司提供的不仅是资金。他们向印度公司提供专业技术，教他们如何向人口众多、背景各异且不太富裕的民众提供服务。
Alibaba frequently hosts Paytm employees at its offices and sends staff to India to encourage the exchange of ideas, said Madhur Deora, Paytm’s chief financial officer.
翻译：Paytm的首席财政官Madhur Deora说，阿里巴巴经常邀请Paytm的员工去参观，也派遣员工来交流想法。
“It’s really the scale and the scope” of operating in a billion-person economy that Alibaba is able to help with, he said.
翻译：在阿里巴巴的帮助下进入10多亿人的经济市场，“这真的是有关规模和范围”的业务，他说道。
Alibaba’s senior managers have provided input as Paytm has grown, offering insight on the right way to engineer Paytm’s app, for instance, based on ways mobile usage exploded in China.
翻译：阿里巴巴高级经理在Paytm成长过程中提供过帮助。例如，根据中国手机用户爆增的经验，在开发Paytm app的时候，提供了正确的方向。
China’s Uber rival, Didi, is helping Ola untangle the problems that come from the scale of serving a billion-person economy while juggling hundreds of thousands of drivers. The “enormous and complex” ride-sharing demands require “creative solutions,” said a Didi spokeswoman.
翻译： 中国的Uber竞争对手，滴滴，帮助Ola解决了一些问题。比如司机少，顾客多的问题。这个“数量大且复杂”的打车市场要求“有创造性的解决方案”，滴滴的发言人说。
Indian messaging app Hike, which says it has more than 100 million users, has been getting advice from Tencent on how to better serve the Indian market. One feature tailored to India allows users to share music and video files between their phones without using the web or data.
翻译：据称有1亿用户的印度信息app Hike，在如何更好服务印度市场上得到了腾讯的建议。其中一个专为印度用户定制的服务是允许他们不同手机直接分享音乐和视频文件而不使用网络或者流量。
Tencent executives are helping roll out many new services so it can become, like WeChat, a one-stop platform for not just sending messages, but also for consuming news and more, said Kavin Bharti Mittal, Hike’s founder.
翻译：腾讯执行官正在帮助他们推出新服务，这样它就能够像微信那样成为一站式平台。不仅是发信息，还能看新闻甚至更多，Hike的创建者Kavin Bharti Mittal说道。
“These guys have built what we’re trying to build,” he said. “India’s economy and population has many more similarities to China than the U.S.”
翻译：“这些人已经创建好了我们正试图创建的东西”，他说道。“印度经济和人口规模跟中国的相似处多于跟美国的”。
版权声明：文章版权归原杂志和作者所有。翻译仅为英语学习之用。谢绝任何转载及用于任何商业用途。
读后感
- 所以印度真的是十年之前的中国吗？如果是真的，那它真的会经历飞速的增长，起码在互联网经济上是这样。
- 科技在缩小区域发展不平衡上是有一定作用的。印度比中美落后，但是这个国家一进入互联网经济，就已经是互联网经济比较成熟的阶段了，直接跳过了前期的探索时期。他们可以用较短时间完成中美通过较长时间才到达的规模和成功，所以在这一方面应该会比中美发展更快。
- 然而我们大多数普通老百姓还是对印度印象不太好，觉得它落后、不安全。很好奇十年前的西方人是不是也是这么看我们。
