1. 启动虚拟线程的方法:
# 方法一:
Thread.ofVirtual().name("线程名称").start([Runnable接口对象]);
# 方法二:
ExecutorService service = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor();
service.submit([Runnable接口对象])
2. 线程同步: 多点售票
package cn.johnyu;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Test1 {
//填充一个售票池,有100张票
private static Vector<Integer> pool = new Vector<>();
// private static List<Integer> pool = new ArrayList<>();
static {
for (int i = 1; i < 101; i++) {
pool.add(i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 新建虚拟线程池(此方法的缺点是无法给每个虚拟线程分配名称)
// ExecutorService service = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor();
// for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
// service.submit(Test1::sale1);
// }
//启动多个虚拟线程,进行多点售票
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
Thread.ofVirtual().name("线程" + i).start(Test1::sale1);
}
System.in.read();//必需滴: 主线程结束,会终止所有的非daemon线程,而虚拟线程所依托的OS Thread都是non-daemon
}
private static void sale1() {
while (!pool.isEmpty()) {
//1.当使用一个线程安全的集合对象做为锁时,当集合为空时,排队等待的线程会自动销毁
//2.当使用一个非线程案例的集合对象做为锁时,当集合为空时,排队线程仍然会进入同步代码块中,从而导致集合越界异常
// 可以考虑在代码块内部加入if(!pool.isEmpty())进行处理
synchronized (pool) {
Integer t = pool.get(0);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 查询到票号: " + t);
//如不进行同步控制,会导致多个线程删除同一张票
// (如果使用ArrayList,可能会有多于一个线程返回true,导致一票多售)
// (如果使用Vector,只会有一个线程返回true,不会一票多售,但会出票失败)
sleep(10);
boolean remove = pool.remove(t);
if (remove) System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 已经售票.............: " + t);
else System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 出票失败");
}
Thread.yield(); //或者sleep(1),目的是:当前线程脱离同步代码块后,可以让其它线程有机会进入
}
}
public static void sleep(int ms) {
try {
Thread.sleep(ms);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
3. 线程通信: 生产者、消费者
package cn.johnyu;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.SynchronousQueue;
public class Test3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Queue<Double> queue=new LinkedList<>();
Thread.ofVirtual().name("consumer").start(new Consumer(queue));
Thread.ofVirtual().name("producer").start(new Producer(queue));
System.in.read();
}
}
class Consumer implements Runnable{
private Queue<Double> queue;
public Consumer(Queue<Double> queue) {
this.queue = queue;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
synchronized (queue){
try {
if(queue.size()<2){
double random = Math.random();
queue.add(random);
System.out.printf("( %s )生产者生产了: %f\n",Thread.currentThread().getName(),random);
queue.notify();
Thread.sleep(100);
}else {
queue.wait();
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
}
}
class Producer implements Runnable{
private Queue<Double> queue;
public Producer(Queue<Double> queue) {
this.queue = queue;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
synchronized (queue) {
try {
if(queue.size()>0){
double poll = queue.poll();
System.out.printf("( %s )消费者消费了.............: %f\n",Thread.currentThread().getName(),poll);
queue.notify();
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
else{
queue.wait();
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
}
}