• 1. socket()类

  # socket语法
  socket(socket_family, socket_type, protocol=0)
  # soket_family: AF_UNIT, AF_INET, AF_INET6...
  # socket_type: SOCK_STREAM(TCP), SOCK_DGRAM(UDP)
  # protocol默认为0
  
  # 创建TCP/IPv4套接字
  tcpSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
  # 创建UDP/IPv6套接字
  tcpSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
  

• 2. 套接字对象（内置）方法

• 3. 创建 TCP 服务器
     $ vim tsTserv.py

  1 #!/usr/bin/python3
  2 # coding=utf-8
  3 
  4 # 导入socket模块，和时间模块的ctime()方法，返回当前时间戳
  5 import socket
  6 from time import ctime
  7 
  8 HOST = ''       # 空白地址，表示任何可用的地址
  9 PORT = 6666     # 随机端口
 10 BUFSIZ = 1024           # 缓冲区大小
 11 ADDR = (HOST, PORT)     # 地址
 12 
 13 # 创建一个tcp/ip套接字
 14 tcpSerSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 15 # 绑定的ip和端口并开启监听
 16 tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
 17 # 传入连接请求的最大数
 18 tcpSerSock.listen(5)
 19 
 20 # 等待用户客户端连接
 21 while True:
 22     # 输出提示信息
 23     print('[*] waiting for connection...')
 24     # 被动接受tcp连接，一直等待知道连接为止tcpCliSock为套接字，addr为元组（str, int）
 25     (tcpCliSock, addr) = tcpSerSock.accept()
 26     # 打印连接信息
 27     print('[+]...connected from: %s: %d' % (addr[0], addr[1]))
 28      
 29 
 30     # 接受用户输入并返回
 31     while True:
 32         # 接受BUFSIZ大小数据
 33         data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
 34         # 当数据为空，则用户关闭连接，退出
 35         if not data:
 36             break
 37         # 返回时间戳+数据,python3使用byte
 38         tcpCliSock.send(b'[%s] %s' % (bytes(ctime(), 'utf-8'), data))
 39     # 关闭客户端连接
 40     tcpCliSock.close()
 41 # 关闭服务器
 42 tcpSerSock.close()

• 4. 创建 TCP 客户端
     $ vim tsTclnt.py

  1 #!/usr/bin/python3
  2 # coding=utf-8
  3 
  4 import socket
  5 
  6 HOST = '127.0.0.1'
  7 PORT = 6666
  8 BUFSIZ = 1024
  9 ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 10 
 11 tcpClntSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 12 # 连接目标主机
 13 tcpClntSock.connect(ADDR)
 14 
 15 while True:
 16     # 输入发送的数据
 17     data = input(">>> ")
 18 
 19     # 判断是否退出
 20     if data == 'exit':
 21         break
 22 
 23     # 发送信息，byte
 24     tcpClntSock.send(bytes(data, 'utf-8'))
 25     # 接受返回的数据
 26     result = tcpClntSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
 27     if not result:
 28         break
 29     # 打印数据，解码
 30     print(bytes.decode(result))
 31 # 关闭连接
 32 tcpClntSock.close()

• 5. 执行 TCP 服务器和客户端

# 终端1
$ ./tsTserv.py                          #先开启服务端
[*] waiting for connection...           #等待用户连接
[+]...connected from: 127.0.0.1: 36712  #有客户端连接
[*] waiting for connection...           #连接断开，等待新的连接
# 终端2
$ ./tsTclnt.py                          #开启客户端
>>> hello                               #发送
[Mon Nov 27 08:36:45 2017] hello        #回包
>>> good bey                            #发送
[Mon Nov 27 08:37:36 2017] good bey     #回包
>>> exit                                #退出关闭连接

• 6. 创建 UDP 服务器

  1 #!/usr/bin/python3
  2 # coding=utf-8
  3
  4 import socket
  5 from time import ctime
  6
  7 HOST = '127.0.0.1'
  8 PORT = 6666
  9 BUFSIZ = 1024
 10 ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 11
 12 udpSerSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
 13 udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
 14
 15 while True:
 16     print('[*] waiting for message...')
 17     # 接受数据
 18     (data, addr) = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZ)
 19     # 返回数据
 20     udpSerSock.sendto(b'[%s] %s' % (bytes(ctime(), 'utf-8'), data), addr)
 21     # 打印信息
 22     print('[+]...received from and returned to: %s: %d' % (addr[0], addr[1]))
 23 udpSerSock.close()

• 7. 创建 UDP 客户端

  1 #!/usr/bin/python3
  2 # coding=utf-8
  3
  4 import socket
  5
  6 HOST = '127.0.0.1'
  7 PORT = 6666
  8 BUFSIZ = 1024
  9 ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 10
 11 udpClntSock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
 12
 13 while True:
 14     data = input(">>> ")
 15
 16     if data == 'exit':
 17         break
 18
 19     # 发送信息，byte
 20     udpClntSock.sendto(bytes(data, 'utf-8'), ADDR)
 21     # 接受返回的数据
 22     (result, ADDR) = udpClntSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZ)
 23     if not result:
 24         break
 25     print(bytes.decode(result))
 26 udpClntSock.close()

• 8. 执行 UDP 服务器和客户端

# 终端1
$ ./tsUserv.py                                         #开启udp服务器
[*] waiting for message...
[+]...received from and returned to: 127.0.0.1: 39160      #接受并返回
[*] waiting for message...
[+]...received from and returned to: 127.0.0.1: 39160
[*] waiting for message...

# 终端2
$ ./tsUclnt.py
>>> hello
[Mon Nov 27 10:25:27 2017] hello
>>> good bey!
[Mon Nov 27 10:25:34 2017] good bey!
>>> exit

• 9. socket 模块属性