随着项目的不断迭代，普通的文本属性已经无法满足需求，就需要我们学习和使用更加灵活的富文本。AttributedString 可以分为 NSAttributedString 和 NSMutableAttributedString 两种。在使用中通过将 AttributedString 赋值给控件的
attributedText属性来添加文字样式。有此属性的控件有UILabel、UITextField和UITextView。
- Character Attributes
- Easy Use
- Tool
- Articles
Character Attributes
// 字体 - 默认字体：Helvetica(Neue)，字号：12
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSFontAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // UIFont, default Helvetica(Neue) 12
// 段落 - 文本段落排版格式，行间距...
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSParagraphStyleAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSParagraphStyle, default defaultParagraphStyle
// 字体颜色 - 默认为黑色
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSForegroundColorAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // UIColor, default blackColor
// 字体背景颜色 - 默认为无背景色，看起来是透明色
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSBackgroundColorAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // UIColor, default nil: no background
// 连体字符 - 该属性所对应的值是一个 NSNumber 对象(整数)。连体字符是指某些连在一起的字符，它们采用单个的图元符号。0 表示没有连体字符。1 表示使用默认的连体字符。2表示使用所有连体符号。默认值为 1（注意，iOS 不支持值为 2）。
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSLigatureAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSNumber containing integer, default 1: default ligatures, 0: no ligatures
// 字间距 - 该属性所对应的值是一个 NSNumber 对象(整数)。字母紧排指定了用于调整字距的像素点数。字母紧排的效果依赖于字体。值为 0 表示不使用字母紧排。默认值为0。
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSKernAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSNumber containing floating point value, in points; amount to modify default kerning. 0 means kerning is disabled.
// 删除线 - 取值为 NSNumber 对象（整数）
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSNumber containing integer, default 0: no strikethrough
// 下划线 - 取值为 NSNumber 对象（整数），枚举常量 NSUnderlineStyle 中的值，与删除线类似
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSNumber containing integer, default 0: no underline
// 填充部分颜色 - 不是字体颜色，取值为 UIColor 对象
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSStrokeColorAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // UIColor, default nil: same as foreground color
// 笔画宽度(粗细) - 取值为 NSNumber 对象（整数），负值填充效果，正值中空效果
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSStrokeWidthAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSNumber containing floating point value, in percent of font point size, default 0: no stroke; positive for stroke alone, negative for stroke and fill (a typical value for outlined text would be 3.0)
// 阴影属性 - 取值为 NSShadow 对象
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSShadowAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0); // NSShadow, default nil: no shadow
// 文本特殊效果 - 取值为 NSString 对象，目前只有图版印刷效果可用
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSTextEffectAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_10, 7_0); // NSString, default nil: no text effect
// 文本附件 - 取值为 NSTextAttachment 对象，常用于文字图片混排
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSAttachmentAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // NSTextAttachment, default nil
// 链接属性 - 点击后调用浏览器打开指定URL地址
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSLinkAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // NSURL (preferred) or NSString
// 基线偏移值 - 取值为 NSNumber (float)，正值上偏，负值下偏
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // NSNumber containing floating point value, in points; offset from baseline, default 0
// 下划线颜色 - 默认为黑色
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSUnderlineColorAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // UIColor, default nil: same as foreground color
// 删除线颜色 - 默认为黑色
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // UIColor, default nil: same as foreground color
// 字形倾斜度 - 取值为 NSNumber (float)，正值右倾，负值左倾
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSObliquenessAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // NSNumber containing floating point value; skew to be applied to glyphs, default 0: no skew
// 文本横向拉伸属性 - 取值为 NSNumber (float)，正值横向拉伸文本，负值横向压缩文本
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSExpansionAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 7_0); // NSNumber containing floating point value; log of expansion factor to be applied to glyphs, default 0: no expansion
// 文字书写方向 - 从左向右书写或者从右向左书写
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSWritingDirectionAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_6, 7_0); // NSArray of NSNumbers representing the nested levels of writing direction overrides as defined by Unicode LRE, RLE, LRO, and RLO characters. The control characters can be obtained by masking NSWritingDirection and NSTextWritingDirection values. LRE: NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight|NSWritingDirectionEmbedding, RLE: NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft|NSWritingDirectionEmbedding, LRO: NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight|NSWritingDirectionOverride, RLO: NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft|NSWritingDirectionOverride,
// 文字排版方向 - 取值为 NSNumber 对象(整数)，0 表示横排文本，1 表示竖排文本
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName NS_AVAILABLE(10_7, 6_0);
Easy Use
1. Example One
初始化一个 NSMutableAttributedString ，然后向里面添加文字样式，将其赋给控件的 attributedText 属性。
Code
NSString *str = @"人生若只如初见，何事悲风秋画扇。\n等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。\n骊山语罢清宵半，泪雨霖铃终不怨。\n何如薄幸锦衣郎，比翼连枝当日愿。";
// 创建 NSMutableAttributedString
NSMutableAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:str];
// 设置字体和设置字体的范围
[attrStr addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName
value:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:30.0f]
range:NSMakeRange(0, 3)];
// 添加文字颜色
[attrStr addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor redColor]
range:NSMakeRange(17, 7)];
// 添加文字背景颜色
[attrStr addAttribute:NSBackgroundColorAttributeName
value:[UIColor orangeColor]
range:NSMakeRange(17, 7)];
// 添加下划线
[attrStr addAttribute:NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName
value:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:NSUnderlineStyleSingle]
range:NSMakeRange(8, 7)];
UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(60, 100, 200, 0)];
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
// 自动换行
label.numberOfLines = 0;
// 设置label的富文本
label.attributedText = attrStr;
// label高度自适应
[label sizeToFit];
[self.view addSubview:label];
Sketch
Simulator Screen Shot.png
2. Example Two
创建属性字典，并将各种属性初始化。赋值，并利用方法 appendAttributedString:
添加入 NSMutableAttributedString ，将其赋给控件的 attributedText 属性。
Code
// 初始化NSMutableAttributedString
NSMutableAttributedString *attributedString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] init];
// 设置字体格式和大小
NSString *str0 = @"设置字体格式和大小";
NSDictionary *dictAttr0 = @{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:14]};
NSAttributedString *attr0 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:str0
attributes:dictAttr0];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr0];
// 设置字体颜色
NSString *str1 = @"\n设置字体颜色\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr1 = @{NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor purpleColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:str1
attributes:dictAttr1];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr1];
// 设置字体背景颜色
NSString *str2 = @"设置字体背景颜色\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr2 = @{NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor cyanColor]};
NSAttributedString *attr2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:str2
attributes:dictAttr2];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr2];
/*
注：NSLigatureAttributeName设置连体属性，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），1表示使用默认的连体字符，0表示不使用，2表示使用所有连体符号（iOS不支持2）。而且并非所有的字符之间都有组合符合。如 fly ，f和l会连起来。
*/
//设置连体属性
NSString *str3 = @"fly";
NSDictionary *dictAttr3 = @{
NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont fontWithName:@"futura" size:14],
NSLigatureAttributeName:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:1]
};
NSAttributedString *attr3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str3
attributes:dictAttr3];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr3];
/*!
注：NSKernAttributeName用来设置字符之间的间距，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），负值间距变窄，正值间距变宽
*/
NSString *str4 = @"\n设置字符间距";
NSDictionary *dictAttr4 = @{NSKernAttributeName:@(4)};
NSAttributedString *attr4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str4
attributes:dictAttr4];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr4];
/*!
注：NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName设置删除线，取值为NSNumber对象，枚举NSUnderlineStyle中的值。NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName设置删除线的颜色。并可以将Style和Pattern相互 取与 获取不同的效果
*/
NSString *str51 = @"\n设置删除线为细单实线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr51 = @{
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle),
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]
};
NSAttributedString *attr51 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str51
attributes:dictAttr51];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr51];
NSString *str52 = @"\n设置删除线为粗单实线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr52 = @{
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleThick),
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]
};
NSAttributedString *attr52 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str52
attributes:dictAttr52];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr52];
NSString *str53 = @"\n设置删除线为细单实线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr53 = @{
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleDouble),
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]
};
NSAttributedString *attr53 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str53
attributes:dictAttr53];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr53];
NSString *str54 = @"\n设置删除线为细单虚线,颜色为红色";
NSDictionary *dictAttr54 = @{
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle|NSUnderlinePatternDot),
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]
};
NSAttributedString *attr54 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str54
attributes:dictAttr54];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr54];
/*!
NSStrokeWidthAttributeName 设置笔画的宽度，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），负值填充效果，正值是中空效果。NSStrokeColorAttributeName 设置填充部分颜色，取值为UIColor对象。
设置中间部分颜色可以使用 NSForegroundColorAttributeName 属性来进行
*/
//设置笔画宽度和填充部分颜色
NSString *str6 = @"设置笔画宽度和填充颜色\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr6 = @{
NSStrokeWidthAttributeName:@(2),
NSStrokeColorAttributeName:[UIColor blueColor]
};
NSAttributedString *attr6 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str6
attributes:dictAttr6];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr6];
//设置阴影属性，取值为NSShadow对象
NSString *str7 = @"设置阴影属性\n";
NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc]init];
shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor redColor];
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1.0f;
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(1, 1);
NSDictionary *dictAttr7 = @{NSShadowAttributeName:shadow};
NSAttributedString *attr7 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str7
attributes:dictAttr7];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr7];
//设置文本特殊效果，取值为NSString类型，目前只有一个可用效果 NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle（凸版印刷效果）
NSString *str8 = @"设置特殊效果\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr8 = @{NSTextEffectAttributeName:NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle};
NSAttributedString *attr8 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str8
attributes:dictAttr8];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr8];
//设置文本附件，取值为NSTextAttachment对象，常用于文字的图文混排
NSString *str9 = @"文字的图文混排\n";
NSTextAttachment *textAttachment = [[NSTextAttachment alloc]init];
textAttachment.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"logo"];
textAttachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30);
NSDictionary *dictAttr9 = @{NSAttachmentAttributeName:textAttachment};
NSAttributedString *attr9 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str9
attributes:dictAttr9];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr9];
/*!
添加下划线 NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName。设置下划线的颜色 NSUnderlineColorAttributeName，对象为 UIColor。使用方式同删除线一样。
*/
//添加下划线
NSString *str10 = @"添加下划线\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr10 = @{
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle),
NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]
};
NSAttributedString *attr10 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str10
attributes:dictAttr10];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr10];
/*!
NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName 设置基线偏移值。取值为NSNumber （float），正值上偏，负值下偏
*/
//设置基线偏移值 NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName
NSString *str11 = @"添加基线偏移值\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr11 = @{NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:@(-10)};
NSAttributedString *attr11 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str11
attributes:dictAttr11];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr11];
/*!
NSObliquenessAttributeName 设置字体倾斜度，取值为 NSNumber（float），正值右倾，负值左倾
*/
//设置字体倾斜度 NSObliquenessAttributeName
NSString *str12 = @"设置字体倾斜度\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr12 = @{NSObliquenessAttributeName:@(0.5)};
NSAttributedString *attr12 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str12
attributes:dictAttr12];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr12];
/*!
NSExpansionAttributeName 设置字体的横向拉伸，取值为NSNumber （float），正值拉伸 ，负值压缩
*/
//设置字体的横向拉伸 NSExpansionAttributeName
NSString *str13 = @"设置字体横向拉伸\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr13 = @{NSExpansionAttributeName:@(0.5)};
NSAttributedString *attr13 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str13
attributes:dictAttr13];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr13];
/*!
NSWritingDirectionAttributeName 设置文字的书写方向，取值为以下组合
@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
@[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]
@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)]
???NSWritingDirectionEmbedding和NSWritingDirectionOverride有什么不同
*/
//设置文字的书写方向 NSWritingDirectionAttributeName
NSString *str14 = @"设置文字书写方向\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr14 = @{NSWritingDirectionAttributeName:@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]};
NSAttributedString *attr14 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str14
attributes:dictAttr14];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr14];
/*!
NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName 设置文字排版方向，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），0表示横排文本，1表示竖排文本 在iOS中只支持0
*/
//设置文字排版方向 NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName
NSString *str15 = @"设置文字排版方向\n";
NSDictionary *dictAttr15 = @{NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName:@(0)};
NSAttributedString *attr15 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str15
attributes:dictAttr15];
[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr15];
//段落样式
NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraph = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc]init];
//行间距
paragraph.lineSpacing = 10;
//段落间距
paragraph.paragraphSpacing = 20;
//对齐方式
paragraph.alignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
//指定段落开始的缩进像素
paragraph.firstLineHeadIndent = 30;
//调整全部文字的缩进像素
paragraph.headIndent = 10;
//添加段落设置
[attributedString addAttribute:NSParagraphStyleAttributeName
value:paragraph
range:NSMakeRange(0, attributedString.length)];
UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(60, 0, 300, 0)];
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
//自动换行
label.numberOfLines = 0;
//设置label的富文本
label.attributedText = attributedString;
//label高度自适应
[label sizeToFit];
[self.view addSubview:label];
Tool
封装了一个小工具来处理一些简单的富文本需求。
Demo
Code
UILabel *lbl1 = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 64, 300, 20)];
lbl1.text = @"春江花朝秋月夜";
[self.view addSubview:lbl1];
UILabel *lbl2 = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 104, 300, 20)];
lbl2.text = @"春江花朝秋月夜";
[self.view addSubview:lbl2];
YYLinkTextViewItem *item1 = [[YYLinkTextViewItem alloc]init];
item1.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];
item1.textContent = @"春江花朝";
item1.textFont = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:10];
YYLinkTextViewItem *item2 = [[YYLinkTextViewItem alloc]init];
item2.textColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
item2.textContent = @"秋月夜";
item2.textFont = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:20];
NSAttributedString *attStr = [YYAttributedString yy_attributeWithLinkTextViewItems:@[item1,item2]];
lbl2.attributedText = attStr;
Sketch
Simulator Screen Shot.png
