一、URI简介
统一资源定位符，Universal Resource Identifier的简称。Android的Uri主要分三个部分：scheme, authority and path。
进一步划分：
[scheme:][//authority][path][?query][#fragment]
终极划分：
[scheme:][//host:port][path][?query][#fragment]
例如：http://www.java2s.com:8080/yourpath/fileName.htm？stove=10&path=32&id=4#harvic
二、URI 常用方法
//将一个字符串转换为Uri
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.java2s.com:8080/yourpath/fileName.htm?stove=10&path=32&id=4#harvic");
String Scheme = uri.getScheme();//http
String SchemeSpecificPart = uri.getSchemeSpecificPart();////www.java2s.com:8080/yourpath/fileName.htm?stove=10&path=32&id=4
String Authority = uri.getAuthority();//www.java2s.com:8080
String Host = uri.getHost();//www.java2s.com
int Post = uri.getPort();//8080
String Path = uri.getPath();// /yourpath/fileName.htm
String Query = uri.getQuery();//stove=10&path=32&id=4
List<String> Segments= uri.getPathSegments();//获取uri中path路径部分存入一个List中
Int stove = uri.getQueryParameter("stove")//stove=10
三、UriMatcher类与ContentUris类的引入
1、UriMatcher
UriMatcher 类主要用于匹配Uri.
使用方法如下，
首先第一步，初始化：
UriMatcher matcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
第二步，注册需要的Uri:
matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson", "people", PEOPLE);
matcher.addURI("com.yfz.Lesson", "person/#", PEOPLE_ID);
第三步，与已经注册的Uri进行匹配:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://" + "com.yfz.Lesson" + "/people");
int match = matcher.match(uri);
switch (match)
{
case PEOPLE:
return "vnd.Android.cursor.dir/people";
case PEOPLE_ID:
return "vnd.android.cursor.item/people";
default:
return null;
}
match方法匹配后会返回一个匹配码Code，即在使用注册方法addURI时传入的第三个参数。
上述方法会返回vnd.Android.cursor.dir/people
2、ContentUris
ContentUris 类用于获取Uri路径后面的ID部分
1)为路径加上ID: withAppendedId(uri, id)
比如有这样一个Uri
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people")
通过withAppendedId方法，为该Uri加上ID
Uri resultUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 10); //https://link.jianshu.com?t=content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10
2)从路径中获取ID: parseId(uri)
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.yfz.Lesson/people/10")
long personid = ContentUris.parseId(uri); //最后personid 为 :10
四、uri与file、path相互转化
1、uri转file:
file = new File(new URI(uri.toString()));
2、file转uri:
URI uri = file.toURI();
3、uri转path:
private String getPath(Context context, Uri uri) {
String path = null;
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
if (cursor == null) {
return null;
}
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
try {
path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
cursor.close();
return path;
}
4、path转uri:
Uri uri = Uri.parse(path);
5、file转path:
String path = file.getPath();
6、path转file:
File file = new File(path);
五、常用uri
显示网页:
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.google.com");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,uri);
3. startActivity(it);
显示地图:
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.Action_VIEW,uri);
3. startActivity(it);
路径规划:
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,URI);
3. startActivity(it);
拨打电话:
调用拨号程序
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:xxxxxx");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
3. startActivity(it);
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel.xxxxxx");
2. Intent it =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,uri);
3. 要使用这个必须在配置文件中加入<uses-permission id="Android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
发送SMS/MMS
调用发送短信的程序
1. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
2. it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
3. it.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
4. startActivity(it);
发送短信
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
3. it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
4. startActivity(it);
发送彩信
1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
3. it.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");
4. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
5. it.setType("image/png");
6. startActivity(it);
发送Email
1.
2. Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:xxx@abc.com");
3. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
4. startActivity(it);
1. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
2. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "me@abc.com");
3. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
4. it.setType("text/plain");
5. startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
1. Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
2. String[] tos={"me@abc.com"};
3. String[] ccs={"you@abc.com"};
4. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
5. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
6. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
7. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
8. it.setType("message/rfc822");
9. startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
添加附件
1. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
2. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
3. it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "[url=]file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3[/url]");
4. sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
5. startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
播放多媒体
1.
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
3. Uri uri = Uri.parse("[url=]file:///sdcard/song.mp3[/url]");
4. it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");
5. startActivity(it);
1. Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
3. startActivity(it);
Uninstall 程序
1. Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", strPackageName, null);
2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
3. startActivity(it);
//调用相册
public static final String MIME_TYPE_IMAGE_JPEG = "image/*";
public static final int ACTIVITY_GET_IMAGE = 0;
Intent getImage = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
getImage.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
getImage.setType(MIME_TYPE_IMAGE_JPEG);
startActivityForResult(getImage, ACTIVITY_GET_IMAGE);
//调用系统相机应用程序，并存储拍下来的照片
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
time = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment
.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/tucue", time + ".jpg")));
startActivityForResult(intent, ACTIVITY_GET_CAMERA_IMAGE);
uninstall apk
/**未测试
Uri uninstallUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null);
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uninstallUri);
*/
Uri packageURI = Uri.parse("package:"+wistatmap);
Intent uninstallIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, packageURI);
startActivity(uninstallIntent);
install apk
Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null);
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri);
play audio
Uri playUri = Uri.parse("[url=]file:///sdcard/download/everything.mp3[/url]");
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, playUri);
//发送附件
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "[url=]file:///sdcard/eoe.mp3[/url]");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
//搜索应用
Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");
Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(it);
//where pkg_name is the full package path for an application
//进入联系人页面
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(People.CONTENT_URI);
startActivity(intent);
//查看指定联系人
Uri personUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(People.CONTENT_URI, info.id);//info.id联系人ID
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(personUri);
startActivity(intent);
