转化
(一)动词与名词的转换:
如:1.倒退(v.)He backed his car into the garage.
支持(v.)You are not alone,and we are all backing you.
背后(n.)Shes the kind of person who talks about you behind your back.
2.领导(v.)He headed the rebellion.
使……对着某处行进(v.)He headed his boat for the shore.
头(n.)He was shot in the head,dead.
3.缺乏(v.)I lack words with which to express my thanks.
缺乏(n.)Lack of proper funding is making our job more difficult.
(二)动词与形容词的转换:
如:1.越过(v.)The dog succeeded in clearing the fence.
清理(v.)He cleared the table by taking plates,forks and knives away.
清楚的(adj.)To make yourself clear without using facial expressions can be very difficult.
2.打扫(v.)Your shoes need cleaning.
干净的(adj.)Try to keep your room clean and tidy.
3.意味着(v.)What do you mean by saying that?
吝啬的(adj.)He has always been mean with his money.
(三)形容词与名词的转换:
身体好的/井 well
好的/罚款 fine
公平的/展览会 fair
主要的/首领 chief
耐心的/病人 patient
安全的/保险箱 safe
坚定的/公司 firm
稳定的/马厩stable
相对的/亲戚relative
平淡的/平原plain
满意的/内容content
具体的/混凝土concrete
合成
1.合成形容词
(1)adj.+present participle
漂亮的good-looking
闻着芳香的sweet-smelling
随和的easy-going
长相一般的ordinary-looking
(2)adv.+present participle
永久的ever-lasting
职位高的high-ranking
畅销货best-selling goods=bestseller
(3)adv.+past participle
著名的well-known
新婚的 newly-married
本地制造的locally-produced
坚信的firmly-believed
密切相关的closely-related
广泛接受的 widely-accepted
穿着随意的informally-dressed
容易形成的easily-formed
牢固的 strongly-built
高度发达的highly-developed
人口稠密的 densely-populated
正式发行的officially-released
正式承认的officially-recognized
(4)n.+present participle
省时的time-saving
耗能的energy-consuming
爱好和平的peace-loving
制片的film-making
伤心的heart-breaking
令人惊叹的breathtaking
说英语的English-speaking
解决问题的problem-solving
令人垂涎的 mouth-watering
赢利的profit-making
(5)n.+past participle
国营的state-owned
由衷的 heartfelt
人造的 man-made
覆盖雪的snow-covered
粗糙的 weather-beaten
国产的home-made
一贫如洗的 poverty-stricken
好奇心驱使的curiosity-driven
个体经营的self-employed
政府支持的 government-backed
(6)n.+adj.
环保的environment-friendly=environmentally-friendly
节能的energy-efficient
有成本效益的cost-effective
(7)adj.+n.+-ed
心不在焉的absent-minded
心地善良的kind-hearted
目光短浅的short-sighted
近视的near-sighted
左撇子的left-handed
头发花白的white-haired
长尾巴的long-tailed
和蔼可亲的good-natured
脾气坏的bad-tempered
思想开明的open-minded
狭隘的narrow-minded
头脑简单的simple-minded
有空调的air-conditioned
(8)n.+-ed
详细的detail—detailed
有经验的experience—experienced
有天赋的gift—gifted/talent—talented
有技能的skill—skilled
2.合成名词
缺点drawback
框架framework
人类 mankind
发源地birthplace
壁炉 fireplace
木柴 firewood
标志性建筑landmark
手电筒flashlight
车前灯headlight
床上用品 bedclothes
白昼 daylight
白天daytime
晚间 night-time
总部/总公司 headquarters
拂晓 sunrise
傍晚 sunset
阳光 sunshine
城市商业区 downtown
小山坡 hillside
合作teamwork
瀑布 waterfall
降雨量 rainfall
视力eyesight
薄饼pancake
仓库warehouse
软件software
硬件 hardware
草地grassland
农田farmland
大陆mainland
祖国homeland
家乡 hometown
笔记本 notebook
台式电脑 desktop
手提电脑 laptop
立场 standpoint
邮递员 postman/mailman
电子邮箱 mailbox
行李箱 suitcase
公文包 briefcase
键盘 keyboard
滑板 skateboard
滑雪板snowboard
冲浪板 surfboard
摩托车 motorcycle
彩虹 rainbow
海岸线 coastline
截止日期 deadline
准则 guideline
标题 headline
雷暴 thunderstorm
航空公司airport
飞机场 airfield
航空母舰aircraft carrier
暴风雪 snowstorm
宇宙飞船 spacecraft/spaceship
航班 airline
野外考察 fieldwork
烟灰缸 ashtray
茶壶 teapot
牙刷toothbrush
战时wartime
军舰 warship
周工作日 weekday
周末 weekend
车间 workshop
野生动物 wildlife
沙尘暴 sandstorm
泥石流mudslide
书架 bookshelf
数据库 database
高速公路 freeway/expressway/motorway
地铁underground/subway/metro/tube
鸡尾酒 cocktail
庭院courtyard
墓地graveyard
手指甲 fingernail
明信片 postcard
观点viewpoint
飞机aircraft/aeroplane
书虫 bookworm
蚕 silkworm
蚯蚓 earthworm
蝴蝶 butterfly
蜻蜓 dragonfly
萤火虫firefly
花生peanut
板栗 chestnut
核桃walnut
椰子 coconut
突破 breakthrough(n.)
外卖食物 take-away
聚会 get-together
化妆品 make-up
机构 set-up
瞭望台 lookout
收银台 checkout
体检 check-up
中间人 go-between
成年人grown-up
儿媳daughter-in-law
温室greenhouse
下落 whereabouts
故障breakdown
倒计时 countdown
密码password
关键词keyword
养育 upbringing
爆发 outbreak(break out)
衰败 downfall(fall down)
收入 income(come in)
结果 outcome(come out)
旁观者 onlooker(look on)
输入input(put in)
输出/产量output(put out)
出口 outlet(let out)
