第一章讲到自律的重要性,那么自律背后是什么呢?是什么让我们的自律行为如此持久?
Discipline is the means of human spiritual evolution, and love lies in back of discipline-what provides the motive, the energy for discipline.
爱是种意愿的表达:
the definition of love is: the will to extend one's self for the purpose of nurturing one's own or another's spiritual growth.
即满足自己或对方精神滋养的意愿。
2. love is a strangely circular process. the act of loving is an act of self-evolution even when the purpose of the act is someone else's growth.
爱是自我升华!
3. the unitary definition of love includes self-love with love for the other. self-love and love of others go hand in hand and they are indistinguishable.
爱自己和爱他人是相辅相成的,但我们现实中往往出现的是,要么是只爱自己,要么是在爱的过程中迷失了自己。
4. the act of extending one's limits implies effort. love is effortful.
爱意味着付出和努力!
5. love is as love does. love is an act of will, both an intention and an action. will also implies choice. we do not have to love. we choose to love.
爱即爱本身!爱吾所爱。
爱之误解
1.falling in love is not love,seriously?
当陷入爱河时,两个问题出现了:
1).the experience of falling in love is specifically a sex-linked erotic experience.
所谓一见钟情,钟的是脸,是巴多按在作祟?
2). the experience of falling in love is invariably temporary.
蜜月总会结束的,浪漫之花也总有凋谢的时刻!
Falling in love is not real love,原因如下:
1). falling in love is an act of regression。
2). falling in love is not an act of will. it is not a conscious choice.
3).falling in love is not an extension of one's limits or boundaries; it is a partial and temporary collapse of them.
4).falling in love has little to do with purposively nurturing one's spiritual development.
这四项都与love的概念冲突,所以从严格意义上来说,falling in love is not real love。
那么falling in love不是love,那么它是什么?Peck归结于社会繁衍需求与物种延续,要么就是勾引我们进入婚姻。。。。。。
2.Romantic Love
全世界的儿童都是在“王子和公主从此过上了幸福生活” 的谎言中长大的,水晶鞋的故事,豌豆公主的故事等等,在这样的故事的陪伴下,都梦想遇到自己的王子或者公主,有的甚至一辈子都沉浸在这样的的梦里不愿醒来,殊不知,这是a dreadful lie。
想必大多数步入婚姻殿堂的夫妇都认为对方是自己那位对的人,可是随着时光的消磨和对方“原形毕露”,越来越感觉自己找错人了,性格弱点的,就将就过一辈子,也有的中途分道扬镳,可是谁也没思考过这是为什么?
遇到下一位照旧这样的下场,好像走入了婚姻的死循环,甜蜜幸福~痛苦~分开~新的甜蜜幸福~继续痛苦~又一次分开,如此循环往复。当然这样极端的例子在我们生活中少之又少,但不可否认是存在的。
3.Dependency
俩人一起生活的真相是什么?
有人说你侬我侬,彼此融为一体,才是真爱,恨不得彼此之间连空气都不能有,彼此依赖才是真爱!
现实中往往是一方依赖另一方多些,渐渐的依赖的一方成了精神上或物质上的parasite。这样的爱,早已变味。可是有些人不愿醒来,醒来后会怎样?生活中又有几个罗子君?
love is the free exercise of choice. two people love each other only when they are quite capable of living without each other but choose to live with each other.
依赖是自私的表现,跟true love大相径庭,也就是说,没有精神滋养的爱不是真正的爱。
4.Cathexis without love
Hobbies are self-nurturing activities. It may be a means of loving ourselves.
从某种意义上来说,兴趣爱好是爱自己的表现,是自我精神的滋养。
还有时下流行的宠物,君不见宠物狗占据了相当一部分人的生活,那么对宠物的爱,是true love吗?
No!
理由有二:
1).由于语言沟通障碍,我们跟宠物的交流不如跟同类的人交流那么顺畅,不知道宠物每天在想什么,也就无从谈起情感的亲密无间。
2).宠物之所以能跟我们一起生活那么久,从内心来说,它们对我们是顺从的,也就是说对我们是依赖的。试想,如果宠物违背我们的意愿,叫它往东,它偏向西,我们会喜欢这样的宠物吗?
由此可见,这并非真正意义上的爱,而是“parental instinct”。
Love is not simply giving; it is judicious giving and judicious withholding as well.
5.Self-Sacrifice
I may not be a brilliant man, but at least I have love and concern.
But what else am I to do?
我们生活中好像这样的父亲(母亲)很多,自打孩子出生,就成了孩子奴,摇身一变从青葱少年,变成了宠爱孩子的好父亲(好母亲)。也许自己年轻时受过苦,所以绝对不允许自己的孩子再受苦,尽自己最大的努力满足孩子的需要。孩子想吃好吃的,想尽办法实现;孩子想用iPhone X,哪怕自己过得节衣缩食,也要给孩子买,不能苦了孩子啊!
可是呢,看着孩子一天天变得愈发自私自利,从熊孩子变成熊大人,这时才傻眼了!怎么就养出这样的娃,哪里出问题了?
古语云,养儿防老,父母辛辛苦苦把孩子养大,就是为了将来为自己养老吗?在Peck看来,这样的父母是lack in love to a significant degree的,还特意用significant来形容,可见Peck对此态度何等鲜明!
爱人之间,刚开始建立关系时,如胶似漆,一日不见如隔三秋,很快坠入爱河。可是进入婚姻后,一方在成长(不管是物质上还是精神上),另一方止步不前,总觉得反正俩人已经立下誓约,一生一起走!可是呢,等看到另一方眼中厌恶的眼神,或更有甚者遭遇婚内出轨,这才慌了,总觉得自己为家牺牲了那么多,娇俏的小媳妇熬成了黄脸婆,却遭休弃!是该怪对方没良心呢,还是该反思下自己?
在这些人看来,self-sacrifice is love,what about the truth?
Love involves a change in the self, but this is an extension of the self rather than a sacrifice of the self.
It enlarges rather than diminishes the self; it fills the self rather than depleting it.
In the case of genuine love the aim is always spiritual growth.
6.Love Is Not a Feeling
The feeling of love is the emotion that accompanies the experience of cathecting.
这个叫爱的感情总是跟专注相联系,所以经常把二者混淆,其实他们是有本质区别的:1,我们可以专注于客观存在的物体,有生机的或无生机的,倾注感情与否均可;2,我们专注于一个人,不等于关注了ta的精神层面;3,专注的程度通常跟心智和承诺无关的;4,专注可以暂时的,也可以永驻心间。
但genuine love,意味着承诺和心智的磨练。
When we are concerned for someone's spiritual growth, we know that a lack of commitment is likely to be harmful and that commitment to the person is probably necessary for us to manifest our concern effectively.
承诺是爱的基石(cornerstone)爱是意愿,愿意为之付出努力和寻求精神成长的意愿!
那么love和cathect到底什么关系?
Genuine love transcends the matter of cathexes。
genuine love is volitional rather emotional。
My feelings of love may be unbounded, but my capacity to be loving is limited.
True love is not a feeling by which we are overwhelmed. It is a committed, thoughtful decision.
爱,不仅仅是感觉,更不是说说就算的,更需要蕴含于日常行为中!
True love is an act of will that often transcends ephemeral feelings of love or cathexis.
Love is as love does!
爱之关键词
1.Attention
关于Attention,Peck浓墨重彩写了十几页,可见在Peck心中attention排名还是比较靠前的,到底怎么回事,继续往下读。
If an act is not one of work or courage, then it is not an act of love. There are no exceptions.
书中不止一次提出,Love implies effort。
爱需要专注,我们爱一个人时,无形中就把关注点放到了这个人身上,无时无刻不在关注着伊人,心心念念都是ta!对爱人、对孩子同理!
提高专注力最重要的是倾听。倾听也是门技术,倾听的质量至关重要。
Listening well is an exercise of attention and by necessity hard work!
倾听,源于热爱!关于这点,Peck讲到自己参加的一个偶像的讲座,专家讲的内容很深奥,又很专业,作为普通人是很难听明白的。因为喜欢这个方向的内容,Peck全神贯注的倾听,一个半小时的课下来,在空调屋里的他居然汗流浃背,听完整个人都虚脱了,还偏头痛起来!由于注意力过渡集中,脖子还僵硬了!即使这样,Peck也才吸收了专家讲座的50%的内容,感觉捡到宝似的,有点喜极而泣的感觉!但很多听讲的人表示没听懂,甚至有人说“He really didn't tell us anything.”
同样的讲座,为什么会有如此对比鲜明的结果?“Because I was willing to do the work of listening to him.”“To enhance my own understanding and spiritual growth.”
这就是爱的表现,因为爱,所以专注,所以倾听,所以就实现了精神的滋养!
接下来Peck又花大量笔墨谈对孩子的倾听,耐心倾听孩子内心的想法,哪怕是那么的微不足道和小儿科,也许孩子的想法在大人看来是多么stupid,还是要耐心听孩子讲完,让孩子感觉到自己被重视被珍爱,让孩子在健康安全有爱的环境中长大,学会自尊自爱(esteem)!
Value creates value. Love begets love。
其实现实生活中往往会遇到很多喜欢倾诉的人,这样的人根本不爱听别人讲什么,而是喜欢侃侃而谈,大讲特讲自己的观点和经历,有时候挺让人无语的!有时听着听着我会有种要窒息的感觉,最后只好找个借口离开,以后再也不敢给对方talking的机会,耳朵受不了啊!
2. Courage
在自我成长的过程中,不断扩展与外界接触的边界,不可避免的要接触新的事物,在向前迈进过程中, 面对未知的事情,心中总会有所担忧,这就需要勇气迈出第一步。
Courage is not the absence of fear; it is the making of action in spite of fear, the moving out against the resistance engendered by fear into the unknown and into the future.
On some level spiritual growth, and therefore love, always requires courage and involves risk.
身边经常会有些人不满现状,总觉得现有工作不适合自己,工作起来一点都不开心,但又没有勇气跳槽。总觉得虽然现有工作不好,总归还是有工资发着,如果辞职了找不到新工作咋办;还有的想充电,可是总怕自己坚持不下去,总觉得钱交了就浪费了;要么是怕遇到骗子,钱交了,人卷钱跑了,凡此种种,每当想到要改变时,总是想各种不好的事情吓唬自己,想着想着就不干了,继续在各种抱怨中保持原状,一晃三五年过去了,也就早已忘记了当初的各种小理想小抱负。
还有些人喜欢小猫小狗,可是怕中途小猫小狗走丢了或者死去了,感情上伤不起,所以也就看看人家的小宠物过过瘾,要么在网上云吸猫聊以慰藉。
Move out or grow in any dimension and pain as well as joy will be your reward. A full life wjll be full of pain. But the only alternative is not to live fully or not to live at all.
3. Independence
The real security in life lies in relishing life's insecurity.
面对生命中的束缚,要有寻求独立的勇气。
Leaps into independence and self-determination, are enormously painful at any age and requires supreme courage.
爱自己的人忍受不了现实中不和谐的束缚,为了自身的独立和自由,总会想尽办法改变自己。一般情况下,这样的人心中充满爱,来自父母满满的爱,才有强大的力量和勇气直面前方的各种风险,被爱的总是有恃无恐,总觉得不管发生什么事,总会有办法解决的,才有勇气豁出去做自己想做的事。只有勇敢的走出去了,进入未知领域,才能实现真正的独立和自由。
The highest forms of love are inevitably totally free choices and not acts of conformity.
4.Commitment
Whether it be shallow or not, commitment is the foundation, the bedrock of any genuinely loving relationship.
承诺是在时间的磨砺中日益加深牢固的,但日常生活中,我们经常忽略这一点,在孩子的成长过程中,大人有时无意的话语,都会在孩子的心中扎根,对孩子的性格发展很不利,甚至会影响孩子将来的生活。
5. Confrontation
The final and possibly the greatest risk of love is the risk of exercising power with humility.
有的父母动辄喜欢对孩子说:“你怎么能这样呢,这是不对的?”
有的老师也喜欢这样说:“你怎么想的?这么容易的题都不会!”
有时候也会对朋友说:“你错了,应该是这样的。。。。。。”
在网上也有不少键盘侠动辄就喜欢批评各种自己看不惯的现象,等等
凡此种种,大家好像对这样的批评和指责好像已经习以为常了,但大多数的批评虽然出自好心,一冲动就把内心的不满和愤怒表达出来了,但有了这附带的情绪,说出的话可能达不到预期的建设性效果,甚至会使局面不可控。
真正有爱的人是不会轻易批评人的,genuine love recognizes and respects the unique individuality and separate identity of the other person.即真正有爱的人承认对方是与众不同的、完全独立的个体,并且尊重对方。所以不会轻易指责对方。
但是,有时候明明看出对方有问题,想告诉对方,有不想让对方陷入被指责的境地,怎么办呢?
The dilemma can be resolved only by painstaking self-scrutiny, in which the lover examines stringently the worth of his or her "wisdom" and the motives behind this need to assume leadership.
The self-scrutiny, as objective as possible, is the essence of humility or meekness.
但是也有人宁死不指出对方的错误,这不是真正的爱。比如朋友、爱人之间,发现对方犯错误或者做事情不合时宜,应该采取谨慎而又积极的态度,指出对方的错误,以期及时改正,这样的关系才能良性发展。
6.Discipline
A feeling uncontrolled is no indication whatsoever that it is any deeper than a feeling that is disciplined.只有自律的爱才来得最深刻!
Shallow brooks are noisy. Still waters run deep!
浅水喧闹,静水流深!大爱无声!
While one should not be a slave to one's feelings, self-discipline does not mean the squashing of one's feeling into nonexistence.
感情是生活激情的源泉,但我们不应该做感情的奴隶,更不能奴役感情。要通过自律来约束感情,这样的感情才稳妥长久!
Genuine love is precious, and those who are capable of genuine love know that their loving must be focused as productively as possible through self-discipline.
弱水三千,只取一瓢饮。人生何其短暂,我们要学会把有限的爱投放给值得的人,如若不幸遭遇给我们内耗的人,要果断撤离,避免更大的伤害!
The first obligation of a genuinely loving person will always be to his or her marital and parental relationships.
家人首要的义务,就是对爱人和孩子负责,忠贞永远不过时!
Free love is an ideal. Unfortunately, it is an ideal of which very few of us are capable.
外面彩旗飘飘,家里红旗不倒,这也许是有些人的终极梦想(男女通用!)。这是对家及爱人和孩子极大的不尊重,既然选择了对方,就要坚守承诺。
Genuine love, with all the discipline that it requires, is the only path in this life to substantial joy.
自律的爱方能善终!
7.Love is separateness
A major characteristic of genuine love is that the distinction between oneself and the other is always maintained and preserved.
对真正的爱来说,相爱的双方保持对方与自己不同的地方,尊重对方的个性,视对方为性格鲜明的个体并尊重ta。
Lacking empathy, narcissistic parents usually respond inappropriately to their children on an emotional level and fail to offer any recognition or verification of their children's feelings.
同理心,是当前很多人所缺乏的,很多的矛盾和冲突也大多由此引起,很不利于现存关系的良性发展。比如孩子考出好成绩了,情感上急需得到父母的夸赞与肯定,没想到得到的回复却是冷冰冰的“一次考好代表不了什么,一直都考出好成绩才是真本事。。。。。。”那孩子学习的积极性渐渐就大打折扣,甚至厌学都有可能!
The difficulty that humans so generally seem to have in fully appreciating the separateness of those who they are close to interferes not only with their parenting but with all their intimate relationships, including marriage.
其实,独立性,在亲密关系中一直被抹杀,这也许是人性的悲哀吧!
Genuine love not only respects the individuality of the other but actually seeks to cultivate it, even at the risk of separation or loss.
真正的爱,不但尊重对方的个性,而且还孜孜不倦的滋养其个性,哪怕被迫分开!
Love and Psychotherapy之迷思
I had very little notion that the work involved would have something to do with the spiritual growth of patients, and certainly I had no notion whatsoever that it would involve my own spiritual growth.
心理咨询师在为病人治疗的过程中,不知不觉自己也得到了精神的滋养。
在治疗的过程中,心理咨询师和病人不断地深入交流,彼此信任,目的是为了更好地治疗,让病人及早的走出心理阴影,实现精神的滋养与成长,这是种意愿,其本质即爱。
但这跟romantic的爱是不同的。
心理咨询师跟对病人的付出是有爱的成分的,但这样的爱是父母对孩子那样的爱,绝非falling in love。
For the most part, mental illness is caused by an absence of or defect in the love that a particular child required from its particular parents for successful maturation and spiritual growth.
病人精神方面的问题来自父母关怀的缺失,造成性格缺陷及精神荒芜。所以寻求心理治疗,是为了弥补这种缺失。
The job of a parent is to encourage a child along the path toward independence, and the job of a therapist with a patient is the same.
所以,从某种意义上来说,心理咨询师是是这些病人的再生父母,在亲生父母那缺失的部分爱,心理咨询师小心翼翼的给补上,以期使之人生得到完满!
To love is not to look at one other, but to look together in the same direction.