“平”说英语  第三期 理智沉静

诫子书

诸葛亮

夫君子之行，静以修身，俭以养德。非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。夫学须静也，才须学也。非学无以广才，非志无以成学。淫慢则不能励精，险躁则不能冶性。年与时驰，意与日去，遂成枯落，多不接世，悲守穷庐，将复何及！

注：淡泊一作：澹泊；淫慢一作：慆慢

【白话译文】

君子的行为操守，从宁静来提高自身的修养，以节俭来培养自己的品德。不恬静寡欲无法明确志向，不排除外来干扰无法达到远大目标。学习必须静心专一，而才干来自学习。所以不学习就无法增长才干，没有志向就无法使学习有所成就。放纵懒散就无法振奋精神，急躁冒险就不能陶冶性情。年华随时光而飞驰，意志随岁月而流逝。最终枯败零落，大多不接触世事、不为社会所用，只能悲哀地坐守着那穷困的居舍，其时悔恨又怎么来得及？

【老赵译文】

The way that a man of noble character practices his moral principle is to enhance self-cultivation（修养） by forming a mentality of tranquility （宁静）and foster morality（品德） by building up a habit of thrift（节俭）. A mind that lacks peacefulness fails to give birth to a definite ambition. A man who bears a distant goal will never make it unless he gets rid of external disturbance（干扰）

Learning requires concentration and calmness, which is the best way to improve one’s ability. Therefore, a high level of competence（才干） can not be gained without learning just as fulfillment is unlikely to be accomplished without aspiration（志向）. Being self-indulgent（放纵的） and idle（懒散的）, never will a man get himself refreshed（振作的）. Likewise, There is no way for an impulsive（易冲动的） and irritable（暴躁的） person to uplift his mind and spirit. As time flies, youth fades away and willpower gets exhausted. Eventually, they degenerate （衰退）like withered flowers. Isolated（被隔绝的） from the real world, most of them do no good to society at all. With great grief at their shabby house, their regret makes up for nothing in the end.

【老赵评语】

作者概括了做人治学的经验，“夫学须静也，才须学也”，“淫慢则不能励精，险躁则不能治性”，着重围绕一个“静”字加以论述，同时把失败归结为一个“躁”字，对比鲜明。这种宁静的力量，从精华的很多成功学长身上可以看到，精华全日制18届理精考入清华的金泽宇同学就是一个“非宁静无以致远”的典型代表。在她一年的学习过程中，名次虽有起伏，依然理智沉静。和她几次谈话，我仿佛是在和一个青年老师在交流，她理性的思辨，透彻的反省，开放的心胸，早晚必成大器！