前言
flutter是一个真正实现了一次编码,多端运行的技术,在面对两个平台需要快速开发迭代,或节省人力成本的情况下,flutter是个很好的选择,特别是初创公司。至于flutter和其他技术的效率对比我不在这里多赘述,因为这篇文章重点不在于此。
但是针对市场上很多公司已有项目,有多少公司敢于将项目重新翻一次flutter,踩坑成本和学习成本都成为不可避免的代价!但我们可以选择部分使用flutter,于是乎,我开始寻找现有项目中加入flutter的解决方案。
想法很好,开始着手研究。我发现大体分为两种:一种是flutter官网的项目依赖,第二种是集成flutter产物。由于项目不一定是同一拨人开发native代码和flutter代码,那就有可能出现项目之间的依赖问题,以及进度,代码管理提交问题。所以我更想去了解后者,产物方式集成。这样可以实现两拨开发人员的独立性,也可以将产物发布到服务器,使用gradle来集成,那就是后话了。
然而,我一顿搜索,在我查找了官网、百度、简书、stackoverflow等等可以想到的搜索途径后,我发现没有一篇文章比较直观和简洁,总有一些文章会丢失一些关键性信息,或者含糊不清,或者实现方式比较繁琐、麻烦。我终于忍不住要自己整理一篇文章,来记录,也希望能帮到其他朋友。
值得注意的是,我采用了flutter module的方式集成,而不是flutter app,请大家注意!你可以选择使用Android Studio来创建flutter项目的时候选择 flutter module,也可以使用命令行flutter create -t module flutter_module
来创建。
先附上github代码参考地址
- flutter代码:http://github.com/Andy888888/flutter_aplus
- native代码:http://github.com/Andy888888/flutter_aplus_native
效果图如下(蓝色导航栏界面为flutter效果):
动图被压缩的比较严重,牺牲了画质。因为有朋友说flutter出来的效果比较卡顿,所以主要给大家感受下流畅度(前提是不要拿debug模式来比较,我集成的是release模式产物)。
好了,废话完了,开整!
Android平台
-
生成aar文件
创建一个"flutter module"项目,直接点击运行会在.android/Flutter/build/outputs/
目录下生成 flutter-debug.aar
文件。但是,我们需要的是release文件,使用下面的命令可以生成fltter-release.aar
文件
flutter build apk
我们将这个flutter-release.aar
当作正常aar文件集成到我们的项目里即可
-
可能遇到的问题
- 一般flutter_module项目默认最低版本是16,要求版本不得低于16,视具体情况而定
- 在集成的时候,需要加入以下代码到gradle,否则报--min-O 最小版本必须大于Level26
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility 1.8
targetCompatibility 1.8
}
-
Android Native 项目中测试aar
-
作为视图组件插入Activity中
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
flutterModule();
}
private void flutterModule() {
View flutterView = Flutter.createView(MainActivity.this, getLifecycle(), "route2");
FrameLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(600, 800);
layoutParams.leftMargin = 100;
layoutParams.topMargin = 400;
addContentView(flutterView, layoutParams);
}
}
-
作为Activity跳转
- 首先要在Application的onCreate中注册
FlutterMain.startInitialization(getApplicationContext());
- 创建一个FlutterModuleActivity
/**
* 描述:FlutterModuleActivity.
* <p>
*
* @author yanwenqiang.
* @date 2019/4/15
*/
public class FlutterModuleActivity extends FlutterActivity implements ActivityParams {
@Override
public FlutterView createFlutterView(Context context) {
String route = getIntent().getStringExtra(ROUTE);
Log.e("路由:",route);
WindowManager.LayoutParams matchParent = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(-1, -1);
FlutterNativeView nativeView = this.createFlutterNativeView();
FlutterView flutterView = new FlutterView(this, null, nativeView);
flutterView.setInitialRoute(route);
flutterView.setLayoutParams(matchParent);
this.setContentView(flutterView);
return flutterView;
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(this);
}
}
- 跳转到FlutterModuleActivity
private void flutterActivity() {
Intent intent = new Intent(this, FlutterModuleActivity.class);
intent.putExtra(FlutterModuleActivity.ROUTE,
"edit-property?{\"keyId\":\"123\",\"trustType\":2}");
startActivity(intent);
}
- 使用MethodChannel实现Flutter调用Native Code
public class FlutterModuleActivity extends FlutterActivity implements ActivityParams {
// channel path
private static final String CHANNEL = "flutter.io/lifecycle";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(this);
new MethodChannel(getFlutterView(), CHANNEL).setMethodCallHandler(
(call, result) -> {
if (call.method.equals("back")) {
finish();
}
});
}
}
flutter 代码
// channel path
const platform = const MethodChannel('flutter.io/lifecycle');
Future<void> _back() async {
try {
await platform.invokeMethod('back');
} on PlatformException catch (e) {
}
}
值得注意的是两端的【channel path】一定要保持一致。
iOS平台
-
flutter module项目生成iOS release版本 framework
flutter build ios --release
-
提取并添加
App.framework
和Flutter.framework
到项目
App.framework
在/.ios/Flutter目录下。我们自己写的flutter代码就在这个framework里,每次修改flutter代码后,更新这个framework即可
Flutter.framework
在/.ios/Flutter/engine目录下。flutter的引擎,几乎不需要更换,除非官方有更新。
-
改造AppDelegate
//
// AppDelegate.h
// TestFlutter
//
// Created by 燕文强 on 2019/4/17.
// Copyright © 2019 燕文强. All rights reserved.
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>
@interface AppDelegate : FlutterAppDelegate <UIApplicationDelegate, FlutterAppLifeCycleProvider>
@end
//
// AppDelegate.m
// TestFlutter
//
// Created by 燕文强 on 2019/4/17.
// Copyright © 2019 燕文强. All rights reserved.
//
#import "AppDelegate.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
{
FlutterPluginAppLifeCycleDelegate *_lifeCycleDelegate;
}
- (instancetype)init {
if (self = [super init]) {
_lifeCycleDelegate = [[FlutterPluginAppLifeCycleDelegate alloc] init];
}
return self;
}
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication*)application
didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary*)launchOptions {
return [_lifeCycleDelegate application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];
}
- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication*)application {
[_lifeCycleDelegate applicationDidEnterBackground:application];
}
- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication*)application {
[_lifeCycleDelegate applicationWillEnterForeground:application];
}
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication*)application {
[_lifeCycleDelegate applicationWillResignActive:application];
}
- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication*)application {
[_lifeCycleDelegate applicationDidBecomeActive:application];
}
- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication*)application {
[_lifeCycleDelegate applicationWillTerminate:application];
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication*)application
didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings*)notificationSettings {
[_lifeCycleDelegate application:application
didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:notificationSettings];
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication*)application
didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData*)deviceToken {
[_lifeCycleDelegate application:application
didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:deviceToken];
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication*)application
didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary*)userInfo
fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult result))completionHandler {
[_lifeCycleDelegate application:application
didReceiveRemoteNotification:userInfo
fetchCompletionHandler:completionHandler];
}
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication*)application
openURL:(NSURL*)url
options:(NSDictionary<UIApplicationOpenURLOptionsKey, id>*)options {
return [_lifeCycleDelegate application:application openURL:url options:options];
}
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication*)application handleOpenURL:(NSURL*)url {
return [_lifeCycleDelegate application:application handleOpenURL:url];
}
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication*)application
openURL:(NSURL*)url
sourceApplication:(NSString*)sourceApplication
annotation:(id)annotation {
return [_lifeCycleDelegate application:application
openURL:url
sourceApplication:sourceApplication
annotation:annotation];
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication*)application
performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem*)shortcutItem
completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL succeeded))completionHandler NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0) {
[_lifeCycleDelegate application:application
performActionForShortcutItem:shortcutItem
completionHandler:completionHandler];
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication*)application
handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession:(nonnull NSString*)identifier
completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)(void))completionHandler {
[_lifeCycleDelegate application:application
handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession:identifier
completionHandler:completionHandler];
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication*)application
performFetchWithCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult result))completionHandler {
[_lifeCycleDelegate application:application performFetchWithCompletionHandler:completionHandler];
}
- (void)addApplicationLifeCycleDelegate:(NSObject*)delegate {
[_lifeCycleDelegate addDelegate:delegate];
}
@end
-
创建FlutterModuleViewController
//
// FlutterModuleViewController.h
// TestFlutter
//
// Created by 燕文强 on 2019/4/17.
// Copyright © 2019 燕文强. All rights reserved.
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>
@interface FlutterModuleViewController : FlutterViewController
@end
//
// FlutterModuleViewController.m
// TestFlutter
//
// Created by 燕文强 on 2019/4/17.
// Copyright © 2019 燕文强. All rights reserved.
//
#import "FlutterModuleViewController.h"
@interface FlutterModuleViewController ()
@end
@implementation FlutterModuleViewController
- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{
// 页面进入后隐藏自带导航栏
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:YES];
[super viewWillAppear:animated];
// 支持侧滑返回
self.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate = (id)self;
// flutter与Native交互
FlutterMethodChannel *lifecycleChannel = [FlutterMethodChannel
methodChannelWithName:@"flutter.io/lifecycle"
binaryMessenger:self];
[lifecycleChannel setMethodCallHandler:^(FlutterMethodCall * _Nonnull call, FlutterResult _Nonnull result) {
if([call.method isEqualToString:@"back"]){
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
}];
}
-(void) viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated{
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:NO animated:YES];
[super viewWillDisappear:animated];
}
- (UIView *)splashScreenView{
# warning 重写splashScreenView来处理Native跳转到Flutter页面时,会出现LaunchScreen
CGRect rect = [UIScreen mainScreen].applicationFrame;
UIView *view = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:rect];
view.backgroundColor=UIColor.redColor;
return view;
}
@end
-
跳转到FlutterModuleViewController
- (IBAction)click:(id)sender {
FlutterModuleViewController *flutterViewController = [[FlutterModuleViewController alloc] initWithProject:nil nibName:nil bundle:nil];
[flutterViewController setInitialRoute:@"edit-property?{\"keyId\":\"123\",\"trustType\":2}"];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:flutterViewController animated:YES];
}
-
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祝你flutter玩的开心!