include<iostream>
include<stack>
include<queue>
include <list>
using namespace std;
/*
二叉树定义
*/
typedef struct BTNode{
char data;
struct BTNode *lchild;
struct BTNode *rchild;
}BTNode;
/*
构建二叉树
*/
BTNode *Create(BTNode T){
char ch;
cin >> ch;
if (ch == '#'){
T = NULL;
}
else{
T = (BTNode)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
T->data = ch;
T->lchild = Create(T->lchild);
T->rchild = Create(T->rchild);
}
return T;
}
/*
-
先序遍历递归
*/
void Preorder(BTNode *T){if (T != NULL){
cout << T->data << " ";
Preorder(T->lchild);
Preorder(T->rchild);
}
}
/*
- 先序遍历非递归
*/
void Preorder2(BTNode *T){
stack<BTNode *> sta;
BTNode *p = T;
if (T != NULL){
sta.push(T);
while (!sta.empty()){
p = sta.top();
cout << p->data << " ";
sta.pop();
if (p->rchild != NULL){
sta.push(p->rchild);
}
if (p->lchild != NULL){
sta.push(p->lchild);
}
}
}
}
/*
- 中序遍历递归
*/
void Inorder(BTNode *T){
if (T != NULL){
Inorder(T->lchild);
cout << T->data << " ";
Inorder(T->rchild);
}
}
/*
- 中序遍历非递归
*/
void Inorder2(BTNode *T){
stack<BTNode *> sta;
BTNode *p = T;
if (T != NULL){
while (!sta.empty() || p != NULL){
while (p != NULL){
sta.push(p);
p = p->lchild;
}
if (!sta.empty()){
p = sta.top();
sta.pop();
cout << p->data << " ";
p = p->rchild;
}
}
}
}
/*
- 后序遍历递归
*/
void Postorder(BTNode *T){
if (T != NULL){
Postorder(T->lchild);
Postorder(T->rchild);
cout << T->data << " ";
}
}
/*
后序遍历非递归
*/
void Postorder2(BTNode *T){
stack<BTNode *> sta;
BTNode *p = T;
BTNode *q=NULL;
while (p != NULL || !sta.empty())
{
while (p != NULL){
sta.push(p);
p = p->lchild;
}
p = sta.top(); //访问栈顶,判断若有右节点则右节点进栈,否则出栈。
if (p->rchild == NULL || p->rchild == q){
cout << p->data << " ";
q = p;
sta.pop();
p = NULL;
}
else{
p = p->rchild;
}
}
}
/*
双栈法 后序遍历非递归
*/
void Postorder3(BTNode *T){
stack<BTNode *> sta,stb;
BTNode *p = T;
sta.push(p);
while (!sta.empty()){
p = sta.top();
sta.pop();
stb.push(p);
if (p->lchild != NULL){
sta.push(p->lchild);
}
if (p->rchild != NULL){
sta.push(p->rchild);
}
}
while (!stb.empty()){
cout << stb.top()->data << " ";
stb.pop();
}
}
/*
层次遍历
*/
void Levelorder(BTNode *T){
queue<BTNode *> qu;
BTNode *p = T;
if (p!=NULL)
{
qu.push(p);
while (!qu.empty()){
p = qu.front();
cout << p->data << " " ;
qu.pop();
if (p->lchild != NULL){
qu.push(p->lchild);
}
if (p->rchild!=NULL){
qu.push(p->rchild);
}
}
}
}
/*
-
求二叉树的深度
*/
int GetDepth(BTNode *T) {/* if(T!=NULL){
++n;
n=GetDepth(T->lchild,n)>GetDepth(T->rchild,n) ? GetDepth(T->lchild,n) : GetDepth(T->rchild,n);
}*/
int ld, rd;
if (T == NULL) {
return 0;
}
else {
ld = GetDepth(T->lchild);
rd = GetDepth(T->rchild);return (ld > rd ? ld : rd) + 1;
}
}
/*
- 查找data为k的节点是否存在
*/
int FindData(BTNode *T, char k) {
//queue<BTNode *> qu;
BTNode p = T;
/ if(T!=NULL){
qu.push(p);
while(!qu.empty()){ //层次遍历查找
p=qu.front();
if(p->data==k){
return 1;
}
qu.pop();
if(p->lchild!=NULL){
qu.push(p->lchild);
}
if(p->rchild!=NULL){
qu.push(p->rchild);
}
}
return 0;
}*/
if (T == NULL) {
return 0;
}
else {
if (T->data == k) { //先序遍历查找
return 1;
}
if (FindData(T->lchild, k) > 0) {
return 1;
}
else {
return FindData(T->rchild, k);
}
}
}
/*
- 输出先序遍历第K个节点的值
*/
void ShowK(BTNode T, int k) {
if (T != NULL) {
/ ++n; //定义全局变量n
if(n==k){
cout<<"第"<<k<<"个节点的值为: "<<T->data<<endl;
return;
}*/
ShowK(T->lchild, k);
ShowK(T->rchild, k);
}
}
/*
-
求二叉树的宽度
*/
int GetWidth(BTNode *T) {queue<BTNode *> qu;
int width = 1;
int currwidth = 1;
int nextwidth = 0;
BTNode *p = T;
if (T != NULL) {
qu.push(p);
while (!qu.empty()) {
while (currwidth > 0) {
p = qu.front();
currwidth--;
qu.pop();if (p->lchild != NULL) { qu.push(p->lchild); nextwidth++; } if (p->rchild != NULL) { qu.push(p->rchild); nextwidth++; } } if (nextwidth > width) width = nextwidth; currwidth = nextwidth; nextwidth = 0; } return width;
}
return 0;
}
/*
- 二叉树第K层的节点个数
*/
int GetNum(BTNode *T, int k) {
queue<BTNode *> qu;
BTNode *p = T;
int currwidth = 1;
int nextwidh = 0;
int i = 0;
if (p != NULL) {
qu.push(p);
while (!qu.empty()) {
++i;
if (i == k) {
return currwidth;
}
while (currwidth > 0) {
p = qu.front();
currwidth--;
qu.pop();
if (p->lchild != NULL) {
qu.push(p->lchild);
nextwidh++;
}
if (p->rchild != NULL) {
qu.push(p->rchild);
nextwidh++;
}
}
currwidth = nextwidh;
nextwidh = 0;
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
- 求叶子节点个数
*/
int Getleaves(BTNode *T) {
queue<BTNode *> qu;
BTNode *p = T;
int n = 0;
if (p != NULL) {
qu.push(p);
while (!qu.empty()) {
p = qu.front();
qu.pop();
if (p->lchild != NULL) {
qu.push(p->lchild);
}
if (p->rchild != NULL) {
qu.push(p->rchild);
}
if (p->lchild == NULL && p->rchild == NULL) {
++n;
}
}
}
return n;
}
/*
*前序和中序重建二叉树
*/
BTNode *RecreateByPI(char *pre, char *in, int nodeNum) {
if (pre == NULL || in == NULL || nodeNum < 1) {
return NULL;
}
int i = 0;
BTNode *T;
T = (BTNode *)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
for (; i < nodeNum; ++i) {
if (*(in + i) == *pre) { //先序遍历的第一个节点为根节点
break;
}
}
T->data = *pre;
T->lchild = RecreateByPI(pre + 1, in, i); //i左边递归建立左子树
T->rchild = RecreateByPI(pre + i + 1, in + i + 1, nodeNum - 1 - i); //i右边递归建立右子树
return T;
}
/*
- 中序和后序重建树
*/
BTNode *RecreateByIL(char *last, char *in, int nodeNum) {
if (last == NULL || in == NULL || nodeNum < 1) {
return NULL;
}
int i = 0;
BTNode *T = (BTNode )malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
for (; i < nodeNum; ++i) {
if ((in + i) == *(last + nodeNum - 1)) {
break;
}
}
T->data = *(in + i);
T->lchild = RecreateByIL(last, in, i);
T->rchild = RecreateByIL(last + i, in + i + 1, nodeNum - i - 1);
return T;
}
/*
- 两个节点的公共祖先
*/
BTNode *FindAns(BTNode *T, char a, char b) {
if (T == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (T->data == a || T->data == b) {
return T;
}
BTNode *left = FindAns(T->lchild, a, b);
BTNode *right = FindAns(T->rchild, a, b);
if (left != NULL && right != NULL) {
return T;
}
return (left != NULL) ? left : right;
}
/*
- 记录路径寻找公共祖先
*/
bool FindPath(BTNode *T, list<char> &li, char c) {
if (T == NULL) {
return false;
}
li.push_back(T->data);
if (T->data == c) {
return true;
}
bool find = FindPath(T->lchild, li, c) || FindPath(T->rchild, li, c);
if (find) {
return true;
}
li.pop_back(); //在左树没找到,就弹出左树元素
return false;
}
char FindAns2(BTNode *T, char a, char b) {
if (T == NULL) {
return -1;
}
list<char> l1, l2;
bool b1 = FindPath(T, l1, a);
bool b2 = FindPath(T, l2, b);
char ans;
list<char>::iterator i1 = l1.begin();
list<char>::iterator i2 = l2.begin();
if (b1 && b2) {
while (i1 != l1.end() && i2 != l2.end()) {
if (*i1 == *i2) {
ans = *i1;
}
else {
break;
}
i1++;
i2++;
}
}
return ans;
}
/*
- 求二叉树节点的最大距离
*/
int mas = 0;
int MaxLegthTwoNode(BTNode *T) {
if (T == NULL) {
return 0;
}
if (T->lchild == NULL && T->rchild == NULL) {
return 0;
}
int a = GetDepth(T->lchild) + GetDepth(T->rchild);
int b = MaxLegthTwoNode(T->lchild);
int c = MaxLegthTwoNode(T->rchild);
int dis = (a > b ? a : b) > c ? (a > b ? a : b) : c; //最大距离为左子树最大高度,或者右子树最大高度,或者左右深度之和
if (dis > mas) {
mas = dis;
}
return dis;
}
/*
-
打印根节点到叶子节点路径
*/
list<char> li;
void PrintRToL(BTNode T) {
/queue<BTNode *> qu;
BTNode *p = T;
if (p != NULL) {
qu.push(p);
while (!qu.empty()) {
p = qu.front();qu.pop();
if (p->lchild != NULL) {
qu.push(p->lchild);
}
if (p->rchild != NULL) {
qu.push(p->rchild);
}if (p->lchild == NULL && p->rchild == NULL) {
list<char> li;
if (FindPath(T, li, p->data)) {
list<char>::iterator it = li.begin(); //记录叶子节点路径方法
while (it != li.end()) {
cout << it << " ";
it++;
}
}
cout<<endl;
}
}
}/if (T != NULL){
li.push_back(T->data);
if (T->lchild == NULL && T->rchild == NULL){
list<char>::iterator it = li.begin();
while (it != li.end()){
cout << *it << " "; //打印栈或队列元素,但不出栈
it++;
}
cout << endl;
}PrintRToL(T->lchild); PrintRToL(T->rchild); li.pop_back(); //第三次访问的时候,出栈,意味着此节点的左右子树已经遍历完毕,包括叶子节点
}
}
/*
累加和为指定值的最长路径
*/
int s, i, tmp;
list<char> l2;
void printMaxSum(BTNode *T, int sum){
if (T != NULL){
li.push_back(T->data);
s += (T->data - '0');
++i;
if (s == sum){
if (tmp < i){
tmp = i;
l2.clear();
if (!li.empty()){
list<char>::iterator it = li.begin();
while (it != li.end())
{
l2.push_back(*it);
++it;
}
}
}
}
printMaxSum(T->lchild,sum);
printMaxSum(T->rchild,sum);
s -= (li.back() - '0');
--i;
li.pop_back();
}
if (li.empty()){
list<char>::iterator it = l2.begin();
while (it != l2.end())
{
cout << *it << " ";
++it;
}
}
}
/*
按层打印和ZigZag打印
*/
void printZigZag(BTNode T){
queue<BTNode> qu;
stack<char> st;
BTNode *p = T;
int currWidth = 1;
int nextWidth = 0;
int i = 1;
if (p != NULL){
qu.push(p);
while (!qu.empty()){
if (i % 2 == 0){
cout << "Level " << i << " from right to left : ";
}
else{
cout << "Level " << i << " from left to right : ";
}
while (currWidth > 0){
currWidth--;
p = qu.front();
qu.pop();
if (i % 2 == 0){
st.push(p->data);
}
else{
cout << p->data << " ";
}
if (p->lchild != NULL){
qu.push(p->lchild);
nextWidth++;
}
if (p->rchild != NULL){
qu.push(p->rchild);
nextWidth++;
}
}
while (!st.empty()){
cout << st.top() << " ";
st.pop();
}
cout << endl;
++i;
currWidth = nextWidth;
nextWidth = 0;
}
}
}
void mmain(){
BTNode *T = NULL;
T = Create(T);
cout << "先序遍历:" << endl;
Preorder(T);
cout << endl;
/*
cout << "先序遍历非递归" << endl;
Preorder2(T);
cout << endl;
cout << "中序遍历:" << endl;
Inorder(T);
cout << endl;
cout << "中序遍历非递归:" << endl;
Inorder2(T);
cout << endl;
cout << "后序遍历:" << endl;
Postorder(T);
cout << endl;
cout << "后序遍历非递归:" << endl;
Postorder2(T);
cout << endl;
cout << "后序遍历非递归:" << endl;
Postorder3(T);
cout << endl;
cout << "层次遍历:" << endl;
Levelorder(T);
cout << endl;*/
printZigZag(T);
cout << endl;
system("pause");
}