试翻美国IndustryWeek上关于智能制造的一段介绍文章，自学与分享。
Tag: 工业4.0、物联网、智能制造
在70和80年代，我们观察到了制造业的一波生产率改进浪潮。新科技，包括个人电脑PC，数控机器，PLC和计算机辅助制造，结合了最新的流程改进方法，比如TQM全员质量管理，Just-In-Time准时化和六西格玛方法论，在多个产业带来了生产率和效率的巨大提升。
如今，我们一样看到了新科技结合流程改进方法会带来潜在的彻底改变，这会改善制造厂商们在整个产品价值链中如何融入流程和系统的方法，从而给客户带来更多选择和全新的服务类型。
一些组织致力于把制造厂商、科技和信息化系统带到一起，这些组织包括制造企业系统协会(MESA)，工业互联网联盟(IIC)和智能制造领导联盟(SMLC)，他们正通过IIoT物联网和智能制造来协调这些新技术的整合，从而更快的把流程改进落地。
智能制造倡议会带来制造业商业策略的革新，把传统工厂从成本中心变成可盈利的创新中心，通过工业自动化，IIoT和IT的整合，其中包含了云服务、3D建模、移动计算、智能和统一平台等。
智能制造会通过信息化、及时化（越接近实时越好）和深入的决策执行从而给制造企业带来主动型管理。智能制造倡议包含了下列目标：
- 有能力从设备接收公开数据，利用安全的开放标准，分析积累数据，并且在企业和相连的价值链上的设备，记录系统以及过程工作流提供过程控制。
- 对于设备、机器和工厂级的自主和分布式决策支持。
- 对产品价值链挖掘数据的普遍应用，包括对任何一条生产线的点对点的价值链的可视化，把制造厂商、顾客和供应商网络连在一起。
- 通过从智能制造设备和流程中的大量原数据的处理，从而提高基于数据和分析的决策能力。
- 更高效支持新服务和商业模式，包括大规模定制和产品即服务模式。
- 这些最新的功能会给所有不同类型、不同产业的制造商们带来广阔前景和市场，价格合理并且方便实现。
On the Journey to a Smart Manufacturing Revolution
In the 1970s and 80s, we witnessed a revolutionary wave of productivity improvements in manufacturing. New technologies, including personal computers (PCs), numerically controlled (NC) machines, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), combined with new process improvement ideas like Total Quality Management (TQM), Just-In-Time, and Six Sigma yielded great new levels of productivity and efficiency in many manufacturing industries.
Now, in this decade, we are seeing a similar convergence of technologies and process improvement initiatives with the potential to radically improve the way manufacturers thread processes and systems in the entire product value chain in order to deliver more options and new service models to customers.
Several organizations that bring together manufacturers, technologies and information systems, organizations like MESA (Manufacturing Enterprise Systems Association), the Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC), and the Smart Manufacturing Leadership Coalition (SMLC), are working on initiatives including the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Smart Manufacturing to coordinate this convergence of technologies and realize the process improvement potential sooner rather than later.
Smart Manufacturing is an initiative to bring about a revolution in manufacturing business strategy, turning traditional factories from cost centers into profitable innovation centers, through the integration of industrial automation, IIoT, and information technology (IT) including cloud services, 3D models, mobile computing, intelligence, and integration platforms.
Smart Manufacturing will enable proactive management of the manufacturing enterprise through informed, timely (as close to real-time as possible), in-depth decision execution. Smart Manufacturing initiatives share the following goals:
• Ability to receive published data from equipment using secure open standards, analyze and aggregate the data, and trigger process controls back to equipment, systems of record and process workflows across the enterprise and value chain connected via A2A and B2B open standards.
• Autonomous and distributed decision support at the device, machine and factory level.
• Ubiquitous use of mined information throughout the product value chain including end-to-end value chain visibility for each product line connecting manufacturer to customers and supplier network.
• Enhanced information- and analytics-based decision making on large amounts of raw data gathered from the smart manufacturing equipment and processes.
• New levels of efficiency to support new services and business models including mass customization (highly configured products) and product-as-a-service.
• Provide a broad portfolio of these advanced capabilities to manufacturers of all sizes and in all industry sectors, at acceptable levels of cost and implementation complexity.
原文可见：http://www.industryweek.com/systems-integration/journey-smart-manufacturing-revolution
作者：Conrad Leiva; VP Product Strategy and Alliances, iBaset
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