一、介绍

Requests是一个很实用的python HTTP客户端库，编写爬虫和测试服务器响应数据时经常会用到，Requests是python语言的第三方库，专门用于发送HTTP请求。

二、前提

安装插件：pip install requests

三、get请求

1. GET无参请求：r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com')

2. GET传参：payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': None} r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com ', params=payload)

四、post请求

类似python中的表单提交

import requests
class UseRequestClass():
def XWTTPostMethod(self):
params = {"type":"guonei","key":"4b72107de3a197b3bafd9adacf685790"}
r = requests.post("http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index",params=params)

print(r.status_code)

return r.status_code</pre>

五、Requests响应

r.status_code 响应状态码
r.heards 响应头
r.cookies 响应cookies
r.text 响应文本
r. encoding 当前编码
r. content 以字节形式（二进制）返回</pre>

六、Rquest扩充

1.添加等待时间
requests.get(url,timeout=1) #超过等待时间则报错
2.添加请求头信息
requests.get(url,headers=headers) #设置请求头
3.添加文件
requests.post(url, files=files) #添加文件</pre>

七、requests + pytest + allure

1. 主要流程：

   读取文件中的数据
   requests拿到数据请求接口返回状态码
   通过断言验证返回状态码和200对比
   生成allure的测试报告</pre>

2. 读取csv文件流程

   1. 存储数据(csv)：通过excel另存为csv即可

   2. 读取数据(readDemo)：

      import csv
      class ReadCsv():
      def readCsv(self):
      item = []
      rr = csv.reader(open("../dataDemo/123.csv"))
      for csv_i in rr:
      item.append(csv_i)
      item =item [1:]
      return item</pre>

   3. requests请求接口返回状态码

      import requests
      from readDataDemo.readcsv import ReadCsv
      r = ReadCsv()
      ee = r.readCsv()

      print(ee)

      class RequestCsv():
      def requestsCsv(self):
      item = []
      for csv_i in ee:
      if csv_i[2] =="get":
      rr = requests.get(csv_i[0],params=csv_i[1])
      item.append(rr.status_code)
      else:
      rr = requests.post(csv_i[0],data=csv_i[1])
      item.append(rr.status_code)
      return item</pre>

   4. pytest断言设置并结合allure生成测试报告

   import pytest,os,allure
   from RequestsTest.TestCase.CsvRequCase import GetStausCode

   g = GetStausCode()
   gg = g.getstauscode()
   class TestCsvCase:
    def testCsvcase(self):
    for code in gg:
    assert code == 200
   
   pytest.main(['--alluredir', 'report/result', 'CsvCase.py'])
   split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean'
   os.system(split)</pre>
   

3. 读取excle文件流程

   1. 存储数据(xlsx)

   2. 读取数据(readDemo)

      安装openpyxl：pip install openpyxl

      from openpyxl import load_workbook
      class ReadXcel:
      def readxcel(self):
      workbook = load_workbook('F:\ATsxt\python文档\python基础\RequestsTest\readData\aa.xlsx')

      sheet = workbook['Sheet1']

      print(sheet.max_row)

      print(sheet.max_column)

      test_data = []
      for i in range(2,sheet.max_row + 1):
      sub_data = {}
      for j in range(1,sheet.max_column + 1):
      sub_data[sheet.cell(1,j).value] = sheet.cell(i,j).value
      test_data.append(sub_data)
      return test_data</pre>

   3. request请求接口返回状态码

      import requests

      class UseRequestClass:
      def XwtMethod(self):
      params = {'stage_id':1,'limit':2}
      r=requests.post('https://www.qubaobei.com/ios/cf/dish_list.php',data=params)
      print(r.json(),r.status_code)

      u = UseRequestClass()
      u.XwtMethod()</pre>

   4. pytest断言设置并结合allure生成测试报告