一: 要确认spring版本大于3.1

二：在SpringBoot启动类上启用Spring缓存技术

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching
public class CacheApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CacheApplication.class, args);
    }
}

三：在类上或类中的方法上使用缓存注解。

注：这个【类】指的是注入了Spring容器中的。如果没有注入，那么在该类上或该类中的缓存注解是不会生效的。

    /**
     * 获取缓存里的信息
     *
     * @param studentId
     * @param moduleId
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/get-list")
    @Cacheable(cacheNames = "get-list", key = "#studentId+'-'+#moduleId")
    @CacheExpire(expire = 30)
    public List<Question> getList(Long studentId, Long moduleId) {
        log.info("select");
        List<Question> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            Integer id = i + 1;
            Question question = new Question();
            question.setId(id);
            question.setName("name" + id);
            question.setResult(id);
            list.add(question);
        }
        return list;
    }

    /**
     * 修改缓存
     *
     * @param studentId
     * @param moduleId
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/add")
    @CachePut(cacheNames = "get-list", key = "#studentId+'-'+#moduleId")
    public List<Question> add(Long studentId, Long moduleId) {
        List<Question> questions = getList(studentId, moduleId);
        Question question = new Question();
        question.setId(999);
        question.setName("name" + 999);
        question.setResult(999);
        questions.add(question);
        return questions;
    }