Springboot实现发送邮件以及工具类封装

pom.xml 引入相关依赖

<!-- 发送邮件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--用于实现模板邮件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

如何获取三方登录授权码，自己百度去，实在不行使用邮箱登录密码也行

image.png

邮件的基本设置

spring:
  #配置邮箱
  mail:
    host: 邮箱服务商的protocol服务器主机 #smtp.qq.com 
    port: 465
    protocol: 邮件协议 #smtp
    username: 指定邮箱服务商的邮箱账号 #7557*****@qq.com
    nickname: 指定自定义发送人的昵称 #后台系统
    password: 邮箱账号密码或者三方登录授权码 #jwgteykojlf*****
    default-encoding:  UTF-8
    properties:
      mail:
        smtp:
          socketFactory:
            class: javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
        debug: true #调试模式
    test-connection: false #启动项目时验证是否可以正确通信 默认为false

发送邮件的Service接口

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

public interface MailService {
    /**
     * 发送文本
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param content 内容
     * @param toWho 需要发送的人
     * @param ccPeoples 需要抄送的人
     * @param bccPeoples 需要密送的人
     * @param attachments 需要附带的附件
     */
    void sendSimpleTextMailActual(String subject,String content,String[] toWho,String[] ccPeoples,String[] bccPeoples,String[] attachments);

    /**
     * 发送Html
     * @param subject 主题
     * @param content 内容
     * @param toWho 需要发送的人
     */
    void sendHtmlMail(String subject,String content,String[] toWho);

    /**
     * 处理二进制邮件的基本信息，比如需要带附件的文本邮件、HTML文件、图片邮件、模板邮件等等
     * @param mimeMessageHelper：二进制文件的包装类
     * @param subject：邮件主题
     * @param content：邮件内容
     * @param toWho：收件人
     * @param ccPeoples：抄送人
     * @param bccPeoples：暗送人
     * @param isHtml：是否是HTML文件，用于区分带附件的简单文本邮件和真正的HTML文件
     * @return ：返回这个过程中是否出现异常，当出现异常时会取消邮件的发送
     */
    boolean handleBasicInfo(MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper, String subject, String content, String[] toWho, String[] ccPeoples, String[] bccPeoples, boolean isHtml);

    /**
     * 用于填充简单文本邮件的基本信息
     * @param simpleMailMessage：文本邮件信息对象
     * @param subject：邮件主题
     * @param content：邮件内容
     * @param toWho：收件人
     * @param ccPeoples：抄送人
     * @param bccPeoples：暗送人
     */
    void handleBasicInfo(SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage, String subject, String content, String[] toWho, String[] ccPeoples, String[] bccPeoples);

    /**
     * 发送html
     * @param subject：邮件主题
     * @param content：邮件内容
     * @param toWho：收件人
     * @param mimeMessageHelper：二进制文件的包装类
     */
    void handleBasicInfo(MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper,String subject, String content, String[] toWho);
    /**
     * 用于处理附件信息，附件需要 MimeMessage 对象
     * @param mimeMessageHelper：处理附件的信息对象
     * @param subject：邮件的主题，用于日志记录
     * @param attachmentFilePaths：附件文件的路径，该路径要求可以定位到本机的一个资源
     */
    void handleAttachment(MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper,String subject,String[] attachmentFilePaths);
}

发送邮件的Service接口实现类（这里注意@Slf4j为日志的注解，如果没有依赖请自行导入或者删掉日志记录

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

/**
 * 发送邮件功能具体实现类
 * @author Xuan
 * @date 2019/8/4 11:01
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MailerServiceImpl implements MailService {

    //默认编码
    public static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING = "UTF-8";

    //本身邮件的发送者，来自邮件配置
    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String userName;
    @Value("${spring.mail.nickname}")
    private String nickname;

    //模板引擎解析对象，用于解析模板
    @Autowired
    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    @Autowired(required = false)
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Override
    public void sendSimpleTextMailActual(String subject,String content,String[] toWho,String[] ccPeoples,String[] bccPeoples,String[] attachments){
        //检验参数：邮件主题、收件人、邮件内容必须不为空才能够保证基本的逻辑执行
        if(subject == null||toWho == null||toWho.length == 0||content == null){
            log.error("邮件-> {} 无法继续执行，因为缺少基本的参数：邮件主题、收件人、邮件内容",subject);
            throw new RuntimeException("模板邮件无法继续发送，因为缺少必要的参数！");
        }
        log.info("开始发送简单文本邮件：主题->{}，收件人->{}，抄送人->{}，密送人->{}，附件->{}",subject,toWho,ccPeoples,bccPeoples,attachments);

        //附件处理，需要处理附件时，需要使用二进制信息，使用 MimeMessage 类来进行处理
        if(attachments != null&&attachments.length > 0){
            try{
                //附件处理需要进行二进制传输
                MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true,DEFAULT_ENCODING);
                //设置邮件的基本信息：这些函数都会在后面列出来
                boolean continueProcess = handleBasicInfo(helper,subject,content,toWho,ccPeoples,bccPeoples,false);
                //如果处理基本信息出现错误
                if(!continueProcess){
                    log.error("邮件基本信息出错: 主题->{}",subject);
                    return;
                }
                //处理附件
                handleAttachment(helper,subject,attachments);
                //发送该邮件
                mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
                log.info("发送邮件成功: 主题->{}",subject);
            } catch (MessagingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                log.error("发送邮件失败: 主题->{}",subject);

            }
        }else{
            //创建一个简单邮件信息对象
            SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
            //设置邮件的基本信息
            handleBasicInfo(simpleMailMessage,subject,content,toWho,ccPeoples,bccPeoples);
            //发送邮件
            mailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
            log.info("发送邮件成功: 主题->{}",subject,toWho,ccPeoples,bccPeoples,attachments);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void sendHtmlMail(String subject, String content, String[] toWho) {

        //检验参数：邮件主题、收件人、邮件内容必须不为空才能够保证基本的逻辑执行
        if(subject == null||toWho == null||toWho.length == 0||content == null){
            log.error("邮件-> {} 无法继续执行，因为缺少基本的参数：邮件主题、收件人、邮件内容",subject);
            throw new RuntimeException("模板邮件无法继续发送，因为缺少必要的参数！");
        }
        log.info("开始发送Html邮件：主题->{}，收件人->{}",subject,toWho);
        //html
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        try {
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true,DEFAULT_ENCODING);
            //设置邮件的基本信息
            handleBasicInfo(helper,subject,content,toWho);
            //发送邮件
            mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
            log.info("html邮件发送成功");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            log.error("发送邮件出错->{}",subject);
        }
        log.info("发送邮件成功: 主题->{}",subject,toWho);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean handleBasicInfo(MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper,String subject,String content,String[] toWho,String[] ccPeoples,String[] bccPeoples,boolean isHtml){
        try{
            //设置必要的邮件元素
            //设置发件人
            mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(nickname+'<'+userName+'>');
            //设置邮件的主题
            mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject);
            //设置邮件的内容，区别是否是HTML邮件
            mimeMessageHelper.setText(content,isHtml);
            //设置邮件的收件人
            mimeMessageHelper.setTo(toWho);
            //设置非必要的邮件元素，在使用helper进行封装时，这些数据都不能够为空
            if(ccPeoples != null)
                //设置邮件的抄送人：MimeMessageHelper # Assert.notNull(cc, "Cc address array must not be null");
                mimeMessageHelper.setCc(ccPeoples);

            if(bccPeoples != null)
                //设置邮件的密送人：MimeMessageHelper # Assert.notNull(bcc, "Bcc address array must not be null");
                mimeMessageHelper.setBcc(bccPeoples);
            return true;
        }catch(MessagingException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            log.error("邮件基本信息出错->{}",subject);
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void handleBasicInfo(SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage,String subject,String content,String[] toWho,String[] ccPeoples,String[] bccPeoples){
        //设置发件人
        simpleMailMessage.setFrom(nickname+'<'+userName+'>');
        //设置邮件的主题
        simpleMailMessage.setSubject(subject);
        //设置邮件的内容
        simpleMailMessage.setText(content);
        //设置邮件的收件人
        simpleMailMessage.setTo(toWho);
        //设置邮件的抄送人
        simpleMailMessage.setCc(ccPeoples);
        //设置邮件的密送人
        simpleMailMessage.setBcc(bccPeoples);
    }

    @Override
    public void handleBasicInfo(MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper,String subject,String content,String[] toWho){
        try {
            //设置发件人
            mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(nickname+'<'+userName+'>');
            //设置邮件的主题
            mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject);
            //设置邮件的内容
            mimeMessageHelper.setText(content,true);
            //设置邮件的收件人
            mimeMessageHelper.setTo(toWho);
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            log.error("html邮件基本信息出错->{}",subject);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void handleAttachment(MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper,String subject,String[] attachmentFilePaths){
        //判断是否需要处理邮件的附件
        if(attachmentFilePaths != null&&attachmentFilePaths.length > 0) {
            FileSystemResource resource;
            String fileName;
            //循环处理邮件的附件
            for (String attachmentFilePath : attachmentFilePaths) {
                //获取该路径所对应的文件资源对象
                resource = new FileSystemResource(new File(attachmentFilePath));
                //判断该资源是否存在，当不存在时仅仅会打印一条警告日志，不会中断处理程序。
                // 也就是说在附件出现异常的情况下，邮件是可以正常发送的，所以请确定你发送的邮件附件在本机存在
                if (!resource.exists()) {
                    log.warn("邮件->{} 的附件->{} 不存在！", subject, attachmentFilePath);
                    //开启下一个资源的处理
                    continue;
                }
                //获取资源的名称
                fileName = resource.getFilename();
                try {
                    //添加附件
                    mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment(fileName, resource);
                } catch (MessagingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    log.error("邮件->{} 添加附件->{} 出现异常->{}", subject, attachmentFilePath, e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

测试类控制层api

import com.xuan.common.mailer.MailService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 测试发送邮件
 * @author Xuan
 * @date 2019/8/10 15:50
 */
@RestController
public class TestMailerSend {
    @Autowired
    private MailService mailService;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/send")
    public String send(){
        mailService.sendSimpleTextMailActual("发送主题","发送内容",new String[]{"public_class_xuan@163.com"},null,null,null);
        return "1";
    }
}

调用控制层api地址 http://localhost:8080/send 查看效果

补充一些其他发送方式,注意要添加JavaMailSender注入

image.png

简单邮件

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    @Test
    public void send() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

        SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
//        simpleMailMessage .setFrom("1285906731@qq.com");
        //设置目标发送人
        simpleMailMessage .setTo("1661982372@qq.com");
        simpleMailMessage.setSubject("主题");
        simpleMailMessage.setText("内容");

        //自定义发件人名称
        String nick = "";
        try {
            nick = javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility.encodeText("张三");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 设置发件人
        simpleMailMessage.setFrom(String.valueOf(new InternetAddress("1285906731@qq.com", nick)));

        javaMailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);//发送
        System.out.println("成功");

    }

html格式邮件

    @Test
    public void sendHTMLMail() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMailMessage = null;

        mimeMailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage, true);
        mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("1285906731@qq.com");
        mimeMessageHelper.setTo("1661982372@qq.com");
        mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("主题");
        mimeMessageHelper.setText("<h1>hello</h1>", true);
        javaMailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);

    }

带附件格式的邮件

    @Test
    public void sendAttachmentMail() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMailMessage = null;

        mimeMailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage, true);
        mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("1285906731@qq.com");
        mimeMessageHelper.setTo("1661982372@qq.com");
        mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("主题");
        mimeMessageHelper.setText("发送内容");
        //文件路径  spring的FileSystemResource,使用绝对路径访问文件资源
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("src/main/resources/static/image/mail.jpg"));
        mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment("mail.png", file);

        javaMailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);

    }

发送带静态资源的邮件

    @Test
    public void sendInlineMail() throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMailMessage = null;

        mimeMailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage, true);
        mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("1285906731@qq.com");
        mimeMessageHelper.setTo("1661982372@qq.com");
        mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("主题");
        mimeMessageHelper.setText("<html><body>带静态资源的邮件内容，这个一张IDEA配置的照片:<img src='cid:picture' /></body></html>", true);
        //文件路径
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("src/main/resources/static/image/mail.jpg"));
        mimeMessageHelper.addInline("picture", file);

        javaMailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);

    }

基于Freemarker的模板邮件

动态添加邮箱配置信息

public void sendSimpleMail() throws Exception {
    JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();//直接生产一个实例
    String users[] = {"xxxxx@qq.com","xxxxx@126.com"};
    mailSender.setHost("smtp.126.com");//动态添加配置
    mailSender.setPassword("xxxxx");
    mailSender.setPort(25);
    mailSender.setProtocol("smtp");
    mailSender.setUsername("xxxxx");
    SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
    message.setFrom("xxxxxxx");
    message.setTo(users); // 使用数组的形式还可以群发
    message.setSubject("羽毛球比赛");
    message.setText("报名参加羽毛球赛");
    mailSender.send(message);
    }