文森特·梵高
Vincent Van Gogh
文森特·梵高（Vincent van Gogh，1853年3月30日—1890年7月29日），荷兰后印象派画家。代表作有《星月夜》、自画像系列、向日葵系列等。
Vincent van Gogh (March 30, 1853 – July 29, 1890), a Dutch post-impressionist painter. His masterpieces include "Star Moonlight Night", self-portrait series, and sunflower series.
梵高出生于1853年3月30日荷兰乡村津德尔特的一个新教牧师家庭，早年的他做过职员和商行经纪人，还当过矿区的传教士最后他投身于绘画。他早期画风写实，受到荷兰传统绘画及法国写实主义画派的影响。1886年，他来到巴黎，结识印象派和新印象派画家，并接触到日本浮世绘的作品，视野的扩展使其画风巨变，他的画，开始由早期的沉闷、昏暗，而变得简洁、明亮和色彩强烈。1888年，来到法国南部小镇阿尔，已经摆脱印象派及新印象派的影响，走到了与之背道而驰的境地。同年与高更交往，但由于二人性格的冲突和观念的分歧，合作很快便告失败。此后，梵高的疯病（有人记载是“癫痫病”）时常发作，但神志清醒时他仍然坚持作画，1890年7月，他在精神错乱中开枪自杀，年仅37岁。
Van Gogh was born in a Protestant pastor family in the Dutch village of Zinder in March 30, 1853. In his early years, he worked as a staff and business broker, and as a missionary in the mining area, he finally devoted himself to painting. His early style was realistic and influenced by traditional Dutch painting and French realism. In 1886, he came to Paris, met Impressionist and New Impressionist painters, and was exposed to the works of Japanese ukiyo-e. The expansion of his vision made his style change dramatically.
His paintings began to be dull, dark, and concise, bright, and intense. In 1888, when he came to the small town of Als in the south of France, he had already got rid of the influence of Impressionism and the New Impressionism and went to the opposite direction. In the same year, he had a relationship with Gauguin, but due to the conflict between the two characters and the differences in ideas, the cooperation quickly failed. Since then, Van Gogh’s madness (some people have documented “epilepsy”) has been frequent, but he still insists on painting when he is conscious.
In July 1890, he committed suicide in a mental disorder, only 37 years old.
文森特的父亲提奥多洛斯·梵·高（Theodorus van Gogh，1822.2.2—1885.3.26）1849年就在津德尔特布道，他是一位新教牧师。1851年5月21日他与文森特的母亲安娜·科尼莉亚（1819—1907）刚认识便闪电订婚，安娜生于海牙，她的父亲在海牙被誉为“国王的装帧师”，因为他被选中装订第一部荷兰宪法。安娜的妹妹，嫁给文森特·梵高的叔叔。
Vincent's father, Theodorus van Gogh (1822.2.2—1885.3.26), was in Zinder in 1849, a Protestant pastor. On May 21, 1851, he and Vincent's mother, Anna Cornelia (1819—1907), just met and flashed, Anna was born in The Hague, and her father was known in the Hague as “the king's framer”.
Because he was chosen to bind the first Dutch constitution. Anna's sister, married to Vincent Van Gogh's uncle.
文森特·梵高在家中是老大，他还有三个妹妹和两个弟弟。
在文森特一生中，他只与弟弟提奥和三妹威廉明娜保持了亲密的关系，而提奥也是文森特这一生中最大的支持者和崇拜者。
Vincent Van Gogh is the boss at home, and he has three younger sisters and two younger brothers.
In Vincent's life, he only maintained a close relationship with his younger brother Theo and the three sisters William Minna, and Theo was also the biggest supporter and admirer of Vincent's life.
1878年，梵高曾在阿姆斯特丹的时候去过沃斯家，见过表姐凯·沃斯·斯特里克。
1879年夏末，凯打算来埃顿的牧师公馆和文森特的家人同住在一起，为了重获家人认可，文森特认为自己必须要有一个妻子。
In 1878, Van Gogh went to the Voss home in Amsterdam and met cousin Kay Worth Strick.
In the late summer of 1879, Kai planned to come to the pastor's residence in Ayton and live with Vincent's family. In order to regain family recognition, Vincent believed that he must have a wife.
7月，在凯抵达之前，文森特和弟弟讨论过自己的决定，必须要有一个家，这个时候他读了不少维多利亚时期关于爱情与婚姻的文字，花了三天读了夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《雪莉》《简爱》，还读了哈里特·比彻·斯托的《我妻子和我》《我们和我们的邻居们》。
In July, before Kay arrived, Vincent and his younger brother discussed their decision. They must have a home. At this time, he read a lot of Victorian words about love and marriage. He spent three days reading Charlotte. · Bronte's "Shirley", "Jane Eyre", also read Harriet Beecher Stowe's "My Wife and Me", "We and Our Neighbors."
8月，凯抵达，文森特便向她表白，表姐愤怒地拒绝了，之后表姐便带着儿子离开埃顿回阿姆斯特丹。
In August, when Kay arrived, Vincent confessed to her, and the cousin refused angrily. After that, the cousin took his son and left Eton back to Amsterdam.
文森特一生中有864张油画，1037张素描，150张水彩画，而他的水彩画十分出众和油画不分上下
他个人独爱肖像画，一生中画过35幅自画像，11幅向日葵，4幅覆盖在以前的练习画上，7幅在习作的背面，7幅在纸板上画的。
Vincent had 864 oil paintings, 1,037 sketches, and 150 watercolors in his life, and his watercolors are outstanding and oil paintings are not divided.
He personally loves portraits, painting 35 self-portraits in his life, 11 sunflowers, 4 paintings on the previous practice paintings, 7 paintings on the back of the work, and 7 paintings on cardboard.
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