本文记录了 Docker 下安装 MySQL 以及容器外部连接管理 MySQL 的方法。
运行一个 MySQL 容器
参照 Docker Hub 上的 MySQL 镜像使用说明：
docker run --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d -p 3306:3306 mysql
通过 docker ps 查看容器是否启动成功：
~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7036ba2e08b7 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
授权
首先进入到容器内部：
~ docker exec -it mysql bash
远程授权：
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';
修改加密规则：(这一步可以省略)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'password' password expire never;
更新 root 用户密码：(这一步可以省略)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'my_secret_pw'; # 密码为 my_secret_pw
刷新权限：
mysql> flush privileges;
最后退出容器，测试容器外部连接。连接之前查看 docker 的 ip
~ ip addr
# 找到 docker0
docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
link/ether 02:42:e1:46:e0:be brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...
安装 mysql-client 之后就可以测试连接了：
~ mysql -h 172.17.0.1 -P 3306 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.15 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
