Hello大家，这篇文章会讲解一下生涯规划的大体重点，请多多关注。

Hey readers, I’m moving forward now with this article to talk about another practical area in education. One of the issues mentioned in my last few articles was the fact that the jobs of today may not last in the future, hence it’s crucial for us to prepare our students by setting realistic plans and getting them to assess their strengths and weaknesses prior to them choosing their career paths. This article will focus more on career preparation (focusing on utilizing career assessments and planning) for students today and understanding how to institute programs within your organizations.

来吧，那我们应该考虑什么样的点来建立一个可行的生涯规划系统呢？

Let’s start off with how to design a career planning program, well first you will need to have the some if not all of the following points as defined by Cornell’s career center: 

•          Developing career goals

•          Know yourself 

•          Clarify interest

•          Assess values

•          Determine skills

•          Develop preliminary goals

•          Assessment tools

As you’d expect most of these points are aligned with questions that might be asked during your first professional interview. But let’s be honest, most schools or universities don’t really emphasize you to think about it throughout your studies. 

在这块我会专门关注生涯规划的一块- 那就是职业评估。

I will zoom in on one key area that most organizations are concerned about - the career assessment. Career assessments are designed to discover the skills, aptitude and talents of candidates. A self-assessment can be a useful tool in assessing the areas in which a candidate has strengths and limitations. The results can be useful in helping candidates to choose a career that is in tune with their goals and talents. While the validation of each instrument may vary from test to test, overall these types of assessments have been proven to introduce more career options, increase satisfaction in one’s career plan and increase the understanding of oneself (Prince et al., 2003). 

那职业评估应该注重哪几点呢？主要看待的是：价值观、兴趣、个性和能力

During a career assessment, you gather information about yourself to make an informed career decision. A well-developed career assessment should include a look at your values, interests, personality, and aptitude (价值观、兴趣、个性和能力).

•          Values: the things that are important to you, like achievement, status, and autonomy

•          Interests: what you enjoy doing, i.e., playing golf, taking long walks and hanging out with friends

•          Personality: a person's individual traits, motivational drives, needs and attitudes

•          Aptitudes: the activities you are good at, such as writing, computer programming, and teaching. An aptitude may be a natural skill or one you acquired.

在这里，我们会建议几个比较好用的一些评估测试来给你们的学生找到自己的优势和缺势。这样你才能好好评估他们以及提供相应的项目或学习反馈。

Here are some of the typical assessment tools that are recommended for you to institute in your career planning program:

1.         Strong Interest Inventorymeasures your interests—not your abilities—and takes twenty to thirty minutes to complete online. The results are scored and sent to the requesting counselor for interpretation in a follow-up appointment.

2.         Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)provides a useful measure of temperament by looking at eight personality preferences that all people use at different times. As with the Strong, the results are sent to your counselor for interpretation and discussion through a follow-up appointment.

3.         SKILLSCAN is a card sortdesigned to help you determine what skills you possess which you can use in communicating your skillset to a potential employer. You can complete this exercise in an hour appointment with the counselor in the office.

4.         Clifton StrengthsFinder is an online personality assessment that measures the presence of talents in 34 themes that relate to the way we naturally think, feel, and behave as unique individuals. Upon completing the Clifton StrengthsFinder assessment, respondents receive a report displaying their top five (most dominant) themes. A follow-up appointment is scheduled with the counselor to interpret the results and discuss how to effectively utilize this information in your career exploration and planning.

最后，有了评估的成绩单，应该怎么使用呢？那当然是要给反馈啦！在这块我们建议是有360评估体系来给学生来看看自己（就是从自己，同学和老师的角度反馈一下学生的价值观、兴趣、个性和能力）

So how should we capture all these assessments and what do we do with the data? Typically after each assessment, we’d suggest for counsellors and students to seat down and have a feedback session for students to reflect on their assessments.Feedback is widely acknowledged as the key part of any learning process. Research studies have addressed the common issues teachers and students for a constructive and effective feedback mechanism in the current educational settings. 

Nevertheless, existing pedagogical approaches in feedback are fragmented. Taken in isolation, each approach fails to capture the full role and complexity of assessment feedback in the learning process. The 360 degree (360°) feedback system is proposed and its systematic implementation is demonstrated via the interlinkage between self-, peer and teacher assessment. It is concluded that the elements of 360° system when combined and integrated help to maximise the functions of feedback to enhance learning.

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更多资源欢迎查看以下链接。

For more information on career planning, please check out the following links, you will find that majority of North American colleges provide you with succinct enough information about this and can actually give you a better sense of career planning if you visit their career center, for example check out Cornell: http://www.career.cornell.edu/students/goals/index.cfm