试错学习是一种磨人的学习方式。我们在某种情况下连续尝试各种看似随机的反应,直到成功实现目标。在连续的试验中,成功的反应得到加强并且越来越早地出现,但这往往需要很长的时间和耐性来实现。
基于积极心理学的DNA-V模型,通过增加行为,帮助个体灵活地适应他们的环境;以一种与价值一致的方式,帮助个体充分发挥自己的潜能。DNA-V模型的三个技能帮你从试错学习中解放。
积极心理学是一个复杂的领域,包括促进复原力、积极情绪、参与度、意义、好奇心、社会联系和许多其他事物的干预措施(Ciarrochi & Kashdan, 2013;Parks & Biswas-Diener, 2013),旨在辨认、确定使个人和社区蓬勃发展的优势和技能。我们认为与其说积极心理学是一个独特的领域,不如说是一种看待人类状况的独特方式。积极心理学家并不认为人是疲惫不堪或有所缺失的,他们提出只要具备正确的技能、优势和社会背景,所有人都具有茁壮成长的潜力(Kashdan & Ciarrochi, 2013)。
认识积极心理学的两个干预
基于积极心理学的DNA-V模型
使用注意者技能来连结内在体验与情境,使用发现者技能来与情境互动,再使用顾问技能在情境中为自己导航,可帮助我们从长时间磨人的试错学习中解放出来。
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