• Global pattern 全局模式
• wildcard 通配符
• You can use this, for example, to parameterize a base URL based on some external configuration.

例如，您可以使用此参数来基于某些外部配置参数化基本URL

• drop table 删除表
• By default the DDL execution (or validation) is deferred until the ApplicationContext has started

默认情况下，DDL执行（或验证）将延迟到ApplicationContext启动为止

• rephrase

If you rephrase a question or statement, you ask it or say it again in a different way. 重新措辞; 换种方式表述

• elaborate 详细阐述
• projection =calculation 估计
• arbitrarily 任意的
• it treats type mismatches as validation errors that can be evaluated by the application, not as system errors.

它会把数据类型不匹配当成可由应用自行处理的运行时验证错误，而非系统错误。

• Thus you need not duplicate your business objects' properties as simple, untyped strings in your form objects simply to handle invalid submissions, or to convert the Strings properly.

因此，您无需将业务对象的属性复制为表单对象中的简单无类型字符串，只需处理无效提交或正确转换字符串（duplicate…as）

• It is completely integrated with the Spring IoC container and as such allows you to use every other feature that Spring has.

它与Spring IoC容器 做到了无缝集成，这意味着，Spring提供的任何特性，在Spring MVC中你都可以使用。（as such因此）

• WebApplicationInitializer is an interface provided by Spring MVC that ensures your code-based configuration is detected and automatically used to initialize any Servlet 3 container.

WebApplicationInitializer 是Spring MVC提供的一个接口，它会查找你所有基于代码的配 置，并应用它们来初始化Servlet 3版本以上的web容器。（被动译作主动）

• over and above 除…之外
• ApplicationContext instances in Spring can be scoped.

Spring中 的 ApplicationContext 实例是可以有范围（scope）的

• However, you don’t need to do that initially since Spring MVC maintains a list of default beans to use if you don’t configure any.

当然这只是可选的，Spring MVC维护了一个默 认的bean列表，如果你没有进行特别的配置，框架将会使用默认的bean。

• Handler exception resolvers that are declared in the WebApplicationContext pick up exceptions that are thrown during processing of the request.

如果在处理请求的过程中抛出了异常，那么上下文 WebApplicationContext 对象中所定义的异常处理器将会负责捕获这些异常。

• HandlerMapping Maps incoming requests to handlers and a list of pre- and post-processors (handler interceptors) based on some criteria the details of which vary by HandlerMappingimplementation.

它会根据某些规则将进入容器的请求映射到 具体的处理器以及一系列前处理器和后处理器（即处理器 拦截器）上。具体的规则视 HandlerMapping 类的实现不同 而有所不同。

• allow for 支持
• effectively 实际上
• If you specify a multipart file resolver, the request is inspected for multiparts

如果你配置了multipart文件处理器，那么框架将查找该文件是不是multipart（分为多个部 分连续上传）的。

• String that is passed to the context instance (specified by contextClass) to indicate where context(s) can be found

一个指定了上下文配置文件路径的字符串，该值会被传入 给 contextClass 所指定的上下文实例对象

• in case of万一，如果
• belter

a real belter of a match,了不起的人事物等

• further more 而且，此外
• The @Controller annotation indicates that a particular class serves the role of a controller.

@Controller 注解表明了一个类是作为控制器的角色而存在的（serve as能起什么作用）

• act as 充当

• Typically the class-level annotation maps a specific request path (or path pattern) onto a form controller, with additional method-level annotations narrowing the primary mapping for a specific HTTP method request method ("GET", "POST", etc.) or an HTTP request parameter condition.

一般来说，类级别的注解负责将一个特定（或符合某种模式）的请 求路径映射到一个控制器上，同时通过方法级别的注解来细化映射，即根据特定的HTTP请求 方法（“GET”“POST”方法等）、HTTP请求中是否携带特定参数等条件，将请求映射到匹配的 方法上。

• Prior to Spring 3.1, type and method-level request mappings were examined in two separate stages

在Spring 3.1之前，框架会在两个不同的阶段分别检查类级别和方法级别的请求映射（prior to,stage）

• Think of controller methods as a collection of unique endpoints with mappings for each method derived from type and method-level @RequestMapping information.

你可以把控制器中的一系列处理方法当成是一系列独立的服务节 点，每个从类级别和方法级别的 @RequestMapping 注解中获取到足够请求1路径映射信息。

• examine

look at something carefully

• populate

V-T及物动词If an area is populated by certain people or animals, those people or animals live there, often in large numbers. 聚居; 栖息

• invoke 调用
• Patterns in @RequestMapping annotations support ${…​} placeholders against local properties and/or system properties and environment variables

@RequestMapping注释中的模式支持针对本地属性和/或系统属性和环境变量的$ {...}占位符 against 针对

• resemble

V-T[no cont]及物动词If one thing or person resembles another, they are similar to each other. 像

• more finely grained 粒度更精细
• along with

随着...一起，翻译时直接断句加连词，如还可以...

• optionally

译作可选的，根据需要...

• When declared within a controller such methods apply to exceptions raised by @RequestMapping methods of that contoroller (or any of its sub-classes).

如果 @ExceptionHandler 方法是在控制器内部定义的，那么它会接收并处理由控制器（或其任何子类）中的 @RequestMapping 方法抛出的异常。

• depending on 根据，取决于
• transparently 显然的
• up...until

在...之前，到...为止

• Most arguments can be used in arbitrary order with the only exception of BindingResult arguments.

大多数参数都可以任意的次序出现，除了唯一的一个例外： BindingResult 参数
with the only exception of 例外

• concurrently 同时发生
• Command or form objects to bind request parameters to bean properties (via setters) or directly to fields, with customizable type conversion, depending on @InitBinder methods and/or the HandlerAdapter configuration

命令或表单对象，它们用于将请求参数直接绑定到bean字段（可能是通过setter方法）。
你可以通过 @InitBinder 注解和/或 HanderAdapter 的配置来定制这个过程的类型转换。

• A ModelAndView object, with the model implicitly enriched with command objects and the results of @ModelAttribute annotated reference data accessor methods.

ModelAndView 对象，其中model隐含填充了命令对象，以及注解了 @ModelAttribute 字段的存取器被调用所返回的值。

• asynchronously 异步
• increase performance 增加性能