在kafka的bin目录下，有两个脚本kafka-producer-perf-test.sh 和kafka-consumer-perf-test.sh，这两个脚本的作用是用来测试生产者和消费者的。

[root@hostname bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --help

usage: producer-performance [-h] --topic TOPIC --num-records NUM-RECORDS [--payload-delimiter PAYLOAD-DELIMITER] --throughput THROUGHPUT

                            [--producer-props PROP-NAME=PROP-VALUE [PROP-NAME=PROP-VALUE ...]] [--producer.config CONFIG-FILE] (--record-size RECORD-SIZE |

                            --payload-file PAYLOAD-FILE)

This tool is used to verify the producer performance.

optional arguments:

  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

  --topic TOPIC          produce messages to this topic

  --num-records NUM-RECORDS

                        number of messages to produce

  --payload-delimiter PAYLOAD-DELIMITER

                        provides delimiter to be used when --payload-file is  provided.  Defaults  to  new  line.  Note  that this parameter will be ignored if --

                        payload-file is not provided. (default: \n)

  --throughput THROUGHPUT

                        throttle maximum message throughput to *approximately* THROUGHPUT messages/sec

  --producer-props PROP-NAME=PROP-VALUE [PROP-NAME=PROP-VALUE ...]

                        kafka producer related configuration properties like bootstrap.servers,client.id etc.  These configs take precedence over those passed via

                        --producer.config.

  --producer.config CONFIG-FILE

                        producer config properties file.

  either --record-size or --payload-file must be specified but not both.

  --record-size RECORD-SIZE

                        message size in bytes. Note that you must provide exactly one of --record-size or --payload-file.

  --payload-file PAYLOAD-FILE

                        file to read the message payloads from. This works only for UTF-8  encoded  text files. Payloads will be read from this file and a payload

                        will be randomly selected when sending messages. Note that you must provide exactly one of --record-size or --payload-file.

根据help命令可以得知相关参数以及参数的含义。

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper hadoop-sh1-master2:2181 --topic "test003" --describe                               

Topic:test003  PartitionCount:3        ReplicationFactor:1    Configs:

        Topic: test003  Partition: 0    Leader: 0      Replicas: 0    Isr: 0

        Topic: test003  Partition: 1    Leader: 1      Replicas: 1    Isr: 1

        Topic: test003  Partition: 2    Leader: 2      Replicas: 2    Isr: 2

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test003 --num-records 1000000 --record-size 1024  --throughput -1 --producer.config ../config/producer.properties

[2018-07-02 14:29:03,086] WARN Error while fetching metadata with correlation id 1 : {test003=LEADER_NOT_AVAILABLE} (org.apache.kafka.clients.NetworkClient)

250992 records sent, 50198.4 records/sec (49.02 MB/sec), 425.2 ms avg latency, 1167.0 max latency.

526995 records sent, 103616.8 records/sec (101.19 MB/sec), 266.2 ms avg latency, 1080.0 max latency.

1000000 records sent, 83998.320034 records/sec (82.03 MB/sec), 317.24 ms avg latency, 1314.00 ms max latency, 259 ms 50th, 868 ms 95th, 1212 ms 99th, 1228 ms 99.9th.

不限制吞吐量，3个partition的topic，3个备份，ack=all的情况下，最高达到了101.19 MB/sec的速度，平均延迟在200多到400多左右，最高延迟是1228 ms。

调节topic参数(还是3台机器)，将topic的partition数量调高到10，备份数降到1，还是不限制吞吐量

Created topic "test004".

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper hadoop-sh1-master2:2181 --topic "test004" --describe                                                        Topic:test004  PartitionCount:10      ReplicationFactor:1    Configs:

        Topic: test004  Partition: 0    Leader: 0      Replicas: 0    Isr: 0

        Topic: test004  Partition: 1    Leader: 1      Replicas: 1    Isr: 1

        Topic: test004  Partition: 2    Leader: 2      Replicas: 2    Isr: 2

        Topic: test004  Partition: 3    Leader: 3      Replicas: 3    Isr: 3

        Topic: test004  Partition: 4    Leader: 0      Replicas: 0    Isr: 0

        Topic: test004  Partition: 5    Leader: 1      Replicas: 1    Isr: 1

        Topic: test004  Partition: 6    Leader: 2      Replicas: 2    Isr: 2

        Topic: test004  Partition: 7    Leader: 3      Replicas: 3    Isr: 3

        Topic: test004  Partition: 8    Leader: 0      Replicas: 0    Isr: 0

        Topic: test004  Partition: 9    Leader: 1      Replicas: 1    Isr: 1

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test004 --num-records 1000000 --record-size 1024  --throughput -1 --producer.config ../config/producer.properties

525946 records sent, 105189.2 records/sec (102.72 MB/sec), 209.1 ms avg latency, 1107.0 max latency.

1000000 records sent, 114155.251142 records/sec (111.48 MB/sec), 226.50 ms avg latency, 1203.00 ms max latency, 152 ms 50th, 1007 ms 95th, 1191 ms 99th, 1196 ms 99.9th.       

从上面可以看见，平均延迟和最大延迟以及吞吐量都上升了许多，因为还是只有三台机器，吞吐量可能只能到100M多每秒，不知道再增加是否还会提升。

还是3个partiton，3份备份，将吞吐降到了1w，再看看测试情况

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test003 --num-records 1000000 --record-size 1024  --throughput 10000 --producer.config ../config/producer.properties

49979 records sent, 9995.8 records/sec (9.76 MB/sec), 1.4 ms avg latency, 203.0 max latency.

50043 records sent, 10008.6 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 18.0 max latency.

49973 records sent, 9994.6 records/sec (9.76 MB/sec), 0.7 ms avg latency, 41.0 max latency.

50057 records sent, 10009.4 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.5 ms avg latency, 23.0 max latency.

50002 records sent, 10000.4 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 46.0 max latency.

50015 records sent, 10003.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 24.0 max latency.

49993 records sent, 9996.6 records/sec (9.76 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 47.0 max latency.

50010 records sent, 10000.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 26.0 max latency.

50015 records sent, 10003.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 26.0 max latency.

50005 records sent, 10001.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 19.0 max latency.

50010 records sent, 10002.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 24.0 max latency.

50010 records sent, 10002.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.5 ms avg latency, 18.0 max latency.

50010 records sent, 10002.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.5 ms avg latency, 23.0 max latency.

50000 records sent, 10000.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 23.0 max latency.

50016 records sent, 10003.2 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 31.0 max latency.

49994 records sent, 9998.8 records/sec (9.76 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 29.0 max latency.

50010 records sent, 10002.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 21.0 max latency.

50010 records sent, 10002.0 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 21.0 max latency.

50019 records sent, 10001.8 records/sec (9.77 MB/sec), 0.6 ms avg latency, 32.0 max latency.

1000000 records sent, 9999.200064 records/sec (9.76 MB/sec), 0.61 ms avg latency, 203.00 ms max latency, 1 ms 50th, 1 ms 95th, 2 ms 99th, 19 ms 99.9th.

平均延时降到了0.6ms，最大延迟在几十ms以内。

接下来再调节record size大小，看是否造成影响。

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test004 --num-records 1000000 --record-size 258  --throughput -1 --producer.config ../config/producer.properties

1000000 records sent, 323519.896474 records/sec (79.60 MB/sec), 4.77 ms avg latency, 210.00 ms max latency, 3 ms 50th, 18 ms 95th, 39 ms 99th, 46 ms 99.9th.

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test004 --num-records 1000000 --record-size 1024  --throughput -1 --producer.config ../config/producer.properties

525946 records sent, 105189.2 records/sec (102.72 MB/sec), 209.1 ms avg latency, 1107.0 max latency.

1000000 records sent, 114155.251142 records/sec (111.48 MB/sec), 226.50 ms avg latency, 1203.00 ms max latency, 152 ms 50th, 1007 ms 95th, 1191 ms 99th, 1196 ms 99.9th.

[root@hadoop-sh1-core1 bin]# ./kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test004 --num-records 10000000 --record-size 258  --throughput -1 --producer.config ../config/producer.properties

1949374 records sent, 389874.8 records/sec (95.93 MB/sec), 3.6 ms avg latency, 212.0 max latency.

2392851 records sent, 478570.2 records/sec (117.75 MB/sec), 2.3 ms avg latency, 21.0 max latency.

2372680 records sent, 474536.0 records/sec (116.76 MB/sec), 2.4 ms avg latency, 26.0 max latency.

2362539 records sent, 472507.8 records/sec (116.26 MB/sec), 2.3 ms avg latency, 24.0 max latency.

10000000 records sent, 455435.624175 records/sec (112.06 MB/sec), 2.54 ms avg latency, 212.00 ms max latency, 2 ms 50th, 4 ms 95th, 10 ms 99th, 20 ms 99.9th.

两者对比可以发现，size从1024降到258，性能有了显著 提升，延迟就降了不少，第三个，再将records数量上升到1000w条，发现，延迟并没有上升对少，吞吐稳定在了110M多，可能三台机器的瓶颈就是这么多了。

由以上的测试结论可以得出，kafka的produce效率，和record size大小，partition数量，备份数，ack的值等有关。（当然，和单台机器的性能也有一些关系。_）