来源

Arrays are Reference Types

• Copying a Value type

let value = 3;
let valueCopy = value; // create copy

console.log(valueCopy); // 3

// Change valueCopy
valueCopy = 100
console.log(valueCopy); // 100

// ✅ Original NOT affected 
console.log(value); // 3

• Copying a Reference type

let array = [1,2,3];
let arrayCopy = array; // create copy

console.log(arrayCopy); // [1,2,3];

// Change 1st element of the array
arrayCopy[0] = '👻';
console.log(arrayCopy); // [ '👻', 2, 3 ]

// ❌Original got affected
console.log(array); // [ '👻', 2, 3 ]

Solutions:

• let arrayCopy = [...array] (Shallow copy)
• let copyArr = arr.slice()
• let copyArr = Object.assign([], arr)
  ✅Works for one-dimensioned array.
  ❌Won't work for nested array.

2. let arrayCopy = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(nestedArray));(Deep copy)
   ✅ Only work with Number and String and Object literal without function or Symbol properties.
   ❌ Function or Symbol properties ( values not compatible with JSON )

3. deepclone
   ✅work with all types, function and Symbol are copied by reference.

const lodashClonedeep = require("lodash.clonedeep");

const arrOfFunction = [() => 2, {
    test: () => 3,
}, Symbol('4')];

// deepClone copy by refence function and Symbol
console.log(lodashClonedeep(arrOfFunction));
// JSON replace function with null and function in object with undefined
console.log(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(arrOfFunction)));

// function and symbol are copied by reference in deepClone
console.log(lodashClonedeep(arrOfFunction)[0] === lodashClonedeep(arrOfFunction)[0]);
console.log(lodashClonedeep(arrOfFunction)[2] === lodashClonedeep(arrOfFunction)[2]);

4. Using Recursion

const clone = (items) => items.map(item => Array.isArray(item) ? clone(item) : item);