前面两篇文章说了怎样使用单个Filter来过滤数据，但是很多情况下我们需要做一下组合过滤，比如有逻辑与和逻辑或的查询，此时我们可以使用FilterList来实现了。

FilterList也是实现了Filter接口，因此我们可以通过多个过滤器组合来实现某些效果。

看下面的例子，我们创建了两个filter，第一个是过滤 username=user_0，第二个是过滤 password=password_0，然后我们将这两个filter组合到一个FilterList对象中，并且制定组合操作符为MUST_PASS_ALL，意思是过滤满足这两个条件的记录。然后就可以像使用普通过滤器一样来扫描记录了。

Filter filter1 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("username"),
        CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("user_0")));
Filter filter2 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("password"),
        CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("password_0")));

FilterList filterList = new FilterList(FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ALL, filter1, filter2);

Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
Scan scan = new Scan();
scan.setFilter(filterList);

ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
Iterator<Result> it = resultScanner.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
    Result result = it.next();
    printRow(result);
}
resultScanner.close();
table.close();

下面是完整代码示例

package my.hbasestudy;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CompareOperator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

public class TestFilterList {
    private static final String TABLE_NAME = "user";

    private static final String COLUMN_FAMILY_BASE = "base";
    private static final String COLUMN_FAMILY_ADDRESS = "address";

    private static final String COLUMN_USERNAME = "username";
    private static final String COLUMN_PASSWORD = "password";
    private static final String COLUMN_HOME = "home";
    private static final String COLUMN_OFFICE = "office";

    private Connection connection;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Configuration config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);

        TestFilterList t = new TestFilterList(connection);
        t.test();

        connection.close();
    }

    public TestFilterList(Connection connection) {
        this.connection = connection;
    }

    private void test() throws IOException {
        createTable();
        prepare();

        filterMustPassAll();
        filterMustPassOne();

        deleteTable();
    }

    private void filterMustPassAll() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("---------- must pass all ----------");
        Filter filter1 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("username"),
                CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("user_0")));
        Filter filter2 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("password"),
                CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("password_0")));

        FilterList filterList = new FilterList(FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ALL, filter1, filter2);

        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(filterList);

        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        Iterator<Result> it = resultScanner.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Result result = it.next();
            printRow(result);
        }
        resultScanner.close();
        table.close();
    }

    private void filterMustPassOne() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("---------- must pass one ----------");
        Filter filter1 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("username"),
                CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("user_0")));
        Filter filter2 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("username"),
                CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("user_10")));
        Filter filter3 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("username"),
                CompareOperator.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("user_99")));

        FilterList filterList = new FilterList(FilterList.Operator.MUST_PASS_ONE, filter1, filter2, filter3);

        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(filterList);

        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        Iterator<Result> it = resultScanner.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Result result = it.next();
            printRow(result);
        }
        resultScanner.close();
        table.close();
    }

    private void createTable() throws IOException {
        Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

        try {
            TableDescriptor tableDesc = TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME))
                    .addColumnFamily(ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_FAMILY_BASE)).build())
                    .addColumnFamily(ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_FAMILY_ADDRESS)).build())
                    .build();
            admin.createTable(tableDesc);
        } finally {
            admin.close();
        }
    }

    private void deleteTable() throws IOException {
        Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

        try {
            admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
            admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
        } finally {
            admin.close();
        }
    }

    private void prepare() throws IOException {
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));

        List<Row> actions = new ArrayList<Row>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("row_" + i));
            put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_FAMILY_BASE), Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_USERNAME), Bytes.toBytes("user_" + i));
            put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_FAMILY_BASE), Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_PASSWORD), Bytes.toBytes("password_" + i));
            put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_FAMILY_ADDRESS), Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_HOME), Bytes.toBytes("home_" + i));
            put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_FAMILY_ADDRESS), Bytes.toBytes(COLUMN_OFFICE), Bytes.toBytes("office_" + i));
            actions.add(put);
        }
        Object[] results = new Object[actions.size()];

        try {
            table.batch(actions, results);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        table.close();
    }

    private void printRow(Result result) {
        if (Bytes.toString(result.getRow()) != null) {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.append(Bytes.toString(result.getRow()));
            sb.append("[");
            sb.append("base:username=" + Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("username"))));
            sb.append(", base:password=" + Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("base"), Bytes.toBytes("password"))));
            sb.append(", address:home=" + Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("address"), Bytes.toBytes("home"))));
            sb.append(", address:office=" + Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("address"), Bytes.toBytes("office"))));
            sb.append("]");
            System.out.println(sb.toString());
        }
    }
}

最后，对于更复杂的过滤规则，可以通过实现自己的过滤器来实现。