基本操作篇

以下源码中 driver 皆为session对象

启动会话

from appium import webdriver


desired_caps = {}
desired_caps["automationName"] = "UiAutomator2"
desired_caps["chromedriverExecutable"] = "D:\\code\\softspace\\66-68\\chromedriver.exe"
desired_caps["platformName"] = "Android"  # 系统名称
desired_caps["platformVersion"] = "7.1.2"  # 系统版本
desired_caps["deviceName"] = "Android Emulator"  # 设备名称
desired_caps["appPackage"] = 'app_package'  # 应用包名
desired_caps["appActivity"] = 'app_activity'  # 应用入口页面
desired_caps["noReset"] = True  # 不重路应用的状态

driver = webdriver.Remote(desired_capabilities=desired_caps)  # 实例化会话

关闭会话

driver.quit()

API

app的活跃页面（当前页面）

activity = driver.current_activity  # 常用于断言

当前页结构源码

source = driver.page_source()

重置数据

driver.reset()

页面跳转

driver.start_activity(app_package, app_activity, **opts)
# 应用包，应用页面，其他参数(Keyword Args)
"""
Keyword Args:
            app_wait_package (str): Begin automation after this package starts.
            app_wait_activity (str): Begin automation after this activity starts.
            intent_action (str): Intent to start.
            intent_category (str): Intent category to start.
            intent_flags (str): Flags to send to the intent.
            optional_intent_arguments (str): Optional arguments to the intent.
            dont_stop_app_on_reset (str): Should the app be stopped on reset?
"""

检测是否已安装某app

driver.is_app_installed(app_package)
# 安卓系统传包名即可

安装app

driver.install_app(app_path, **option)
"""
Args:
            app_path (str): the local or remote path to the application to install

        Keyword Args:
            replace (bool): [Android only] whether to reinstall/upgrade the package if it is
                already present on the device under test. True by default
            timeout (int): [Android only] how much time to wait for the installation to complete.
                60000ms by default.
            allowTestPackages (bool): [Android only] whether to allow installation of packages marked
                as test in the manifest. False by default
            useSdcard (bool): [Android only] whether to use the SD card to install the app. False by default
            grantPermissions (bool): [Android only] whether to automatically grant application permissions
                on Android 6+ after the installation completes. False by default
"""

关闭app

driver.close_app()

元素操作

得到元素对象的属性

driver.find_element(MB.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR, 'new UiSelector().text("")').get_attribute(name)  # name为属性名

清除输入框

该方法为元素对象方法

driver.find_element(MB.ANDROID_UIAUTOMATOR, 'new UiSelector().text("")').clear()

页面操作

滑动

滑动可与MultiAction类结合实现放大、缩小等多指操作

from appium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Remote()
# 滑动
driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, duration=None)  # 开始X，开始Y，结束X，结束Y，执行时间ms

以下为实现源码。tips：利用TouchAction&MultiAction实现zoom和pinch可见link

# 可以看见滑动操作是由TouchAction&MultiAction实现
from appium.webdriver.common.touchaction import TouchAction
from appium.webdriver.common.multiaction import MultiAction


action = TouchAction(self)
        action \
            .press(x=start_x, y=start_y) \
            .wait(ms=duration) \
            .move_to(x=end_x, y=end_y) \
            .release()
        action.perform()
        return self

多指点击

该方法实现也是由TouchAction&MultiAction实现
最多支持五个手指操作

from appium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Remote()
driver.tap(positions, duration=None) 
# positions = [(x, y), (x,y), (x,y), (x,y), (x,y)] 点击坐标点，几个手指就几个元组
# duration执行时间 ms

事件操作

硬件事件

列举几个常用命令

官方文档https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html#KEYCODE_CALENDAR

driver.press_keycode(keycode, metastate=None, flags=None)
# keycode为键值

截图

appium的webdriver继承了selenium的webdriver方法，所以此处截图沿用selenium中的截图方法。

from appium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Remote()
driver.save_screenshot(filename)  # 最常用这种方法,filename为存放路径

driver.get_screenshot_as_png()  # 返回二进制数据
driver.get_screenshot_as_base64()  # 返回 base64格式数据 多结合allure.attach使用
driver.get_screenshot_as_file(filename)  # filename为存放路径

切到后台

将当前的应用切换至后台

from appium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Remote()
driver.background_app(seconds)  # -1为永久置于后台，s