-- 创建数据库
create database if not exists school default charset=utf8;
-- 使用数据库
use school;
-- 创建表格
create table if not exists studentinfo (
id int primary key auto_increment ,
`name` varchar(20) ,
sex char ,
age int,
address varchar(100)
);
-- 查看数据表
show tables;
-- 插入数据
insert into studentinfo (`name`,sex,age,address) values ("贾宝玉","男",18,"北平"),("贾政","男",18,"浙江"),("晴雯","女",20,"四川"),("袭人","女",29,"贵州"),("薛宝钗","女",19,"北平"),("林黛玉","女",17,"浙江");
-- 查看数据 通配符 * 表示所有
select * from studentinfo;
-- 手动写出字段 全量查询
select id , `name` , sex , age , address from studentinfo;
-- 只查询指定的数据列
select id , `name` , sex from studentinfo;
-- 条件查询
select * from studentinfo where sex='女';
-- 根据查询结果排序 order by
select * from studentinfo order by age desc;
select * from studentinfo order by age desc , id desc
-- 显示查询结果的条数
select * from studentinfo limit 3 ;
-- 显示查询结果中从索引为5开始的往后3条数据
select * from studentinfo limit 5,3 ;
-- 复合
select * from studentinfo where sex= '女' order by age desc limit 3;
-- 别名 AS as 可以省略
select id as 编号 , `name` as 姓名 , sex as 性别 ,age as 年龄, address as 地址 from studentinfo;
select id 编号 , `name` 姓名 , sex 性别 ,age 年龄, address 地址 from studentinfo;
-- 单条件查询
select * from studentinfo where age<20;
select * from studentinfo where age is not null;
-- 多条件查询
select * from studentinfo where age|=20;
select * from studentinfo where age<>20;
select * from studentinfo where not (age=20);
-- 与 或
select * from studentinfo where age >20 && sex='女';
select * from studentinfo where age >20 and sex='女';
select * from studentinfo where age >20 || sex='女';
select * from studentinfo where age >20 or sex='女';
-- 去重 去除重复的数据
select distinct `name` ,sex ,age , address from studentinfo;
本章总结
● 数据简单查询
■ 数据查询中的条件语句关键字
● 条件查询
■ Where 字句限制查询结果;
■ Distinct 用于消除重复行;
■ Limit 限定查询返回行。
● 使用OrderBy 进行查询排序
■ 升降排列 asc;
■ 降序排列 desc。
● 内置函数
■ 字符串函数;
■ 日期函数;
■ 数学函数;
■ 系统函数。