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淘宝网页的评论数据动态加载的，首先要关闭adblock等屏蔽插件广告。还有我登陆了账号。
<pre id="line1"><ul id="J_TabBar" class="tb-tabbar tb-clear" data-spm-anchor-id="2013.1.20140004.i0.323910cfuqpKQZ"> <li class="tb-first"></pre>
<pre id="line1">
<a class="tb-tab-anchor" href="javascript:void(0);" hidefocus="true" shortcut-key="g d" shortcut-label="查看宝贝详情" shortcut-effect="click" data-index="0" data-spm-click="gostr=/tbdetail;locaid=d1" data-spm-anchor-id="2013.1.20140004.d1">宝贝详情</a>
<div class="tb-selected-indicator">
</div>
</li>
<li class="selected"> <a class="tb-tab-anchor" href="javascript:void(0);" hidefocus="true" shortcut-key="g c" shortcut-label="查看累计评论" shortcut-effect="click" data-index="1" data-spm-click="gostr=/tbdetail;locaid=d2" data-spm-anchor-id="2013.1.20140004.d2"> 累计评论
<em class="J_ReviewsCount">6050
</em>
</pre>
<pre id="line1">
</a>
<div class="tb-selected-indicator"></div> </li>
</pre>
<pre id="line1">li id="J_ServiceTab"> <a class="tb-tab-anchor" href="javascript:void(0);" hidefocus="true" data-spm-click="gostr=/tbdetail;locaid=d4" shortcut-key="g z" shortcut-label="查看专享服务" shortcut-effect="click" data-index="4" data-spm-anchor-id="2013.1.20140004.d4">
专享服务</a>
<div class="tb-selected-indicator"></div>
</li>
</pre>
image.png
通过firefox浏览器，终于找到了评论的url，如下。
image.png
这几个url在html源代码中可以找到。
描述加载中
</div>
</div><div id="reviews"
data-reviewApi = "//rate.taobao.com/detail_rate.htm?userNumId=143813255&auctionNumId=556129616183&showContent=1&currentPage=1&ismore=0&siteID=12"
data-reviewCountApi = ""
data-listApi = "//rate.taobao.com/feedRateList.htm?userNumId=143813255&auctionNumId=556129616183&siteId=12&spuId=0"
data-commonApi = "//rate.taobao.com/detailCommon.htm?userNumId=143813255&auctionNumId=556129616183&siteID=12&spuId=0"
data-usefulApi = "//rate.taobao.com/vote_useful.htm?userNumId=143813255&auctionNumId=556129616183">
</div>
<div id="deal-record">
找到了评论的url其内容为
jsonp_tbcrate_reviews_list({
"qnaDisabled": true,
"watershed": 100,
"search": "http://11.178.153.195:30051/bin/sp?app=pinglun&outfmt=json&seek_timeout=400&gmt_create=1521907200~&risk_status=0|-1&rate_risk_limit=0&item_id=556129616183&user_id=2970747408&risk_time_now=1537497213&layer_quota=500000&rate_risk_search=1&fold_flag=0&no_risk_status=0|-1&rate_risk_own=0&order=algo_sort:des&s=0&n=20&is_wireless=0&user_id=2970747408&utd_id=2970747408&is_click_sku=0",
"total": 467,
"comments": [{
"date": "2018年09月16日 12:32",
"shareInfo": {
"lastReplyTime": "",
"share": false,
"pic": 0,
"reply": 0,
"userNumIdBase64": ""
},
"showDepositIcon": false,
"o2oRate": null,
"mainTradeId": 0,
"raterType": 0,
"validscore": 1,
"video": null,
"photos": [],
"content": "小巧精致，挺好意思，孩子再大点就可以玩了。带上壳风扇，温度在40多度，装好系统直接在电脑上开ssh加wifi,不用再加显示器键盘鼠标，通电直接连上，爽撒",
"rateId": 1017227150661,
"spuRatting": [],
"auction": {
"thumbnail": "",
"link": "//item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=556129616183",
"auctionPic": "//img.alicdn.com/bao/uploaded/null_40x40.jpg",
"sku": "套餐:单独主板 树莓派:3B+ E14 新款",
"title": "",
"aucNumId": "556129616183"
},
"award": "",
"rate": "1",
"creditFraudRule": 0,
"appendCanExplainable": false,
"from": "",
"tag": "",
"propertiesAvg": "0.0",
"reply": null,
"dayAfterConfirm": 0,
"lastModifyFrom": 0,
"bidPriceMoney": {
"amount": 243,
"centFactor": 100,
"cent": 24300,
"displayUnit": "元",
"currency": {
"symbol": "￥",
"displayName": "人民币",
"currencyCode": "CNY",
"defaultFractionDigits": 2,
"numericCode": 156
},
"currencyCode": "CNY"
},
"noQna": true,
"promotionType": "活动促销 ",
"vicious": "",
"enableSNS": false,
"appendList": [],
"buyAmount": 1,
"showCuIcon": true,
"serviceRate": null,
"useful": 0,
"user": {
"nick": "l***3",
"vipLevel": 0,
"displayRatePic": "b_blue_2.gif",
"nickUrl": "",
"anony": false,
"rank": 874,
"avatar": "//wwc.alicdn.com/avatar/getAvatar.do?userIdStr=Xmhzv8xLX8cbP0lhOmcSPmcLOH8LPG80XFR-P8c4PGMhMmgSPFx4vCIuvGgyOFvW&width=40&height=40&type=sns",
"vip": "",
"userId": "",
"rankUrl": ""
},
"append": null,
"status": 0
},
...................
其返回的东西是json传输的。
json.loads
json.loads 用于解码 JSON 数据.该函数返回 Python 字段的数据类型。
json.loads(s[, encoding[, cls[, object_hook[, parse_float[, parse_int[, parse_constant[, object_pairs_hook[, **kw]]]]]]]])
根据上面得到comments后面的[]即列表类型，[]里有多个{}信息，每个{}代表一个用户的评论信息
通过json.loads()后变成字典，取出需要的东西。
下面就是构造所有的url
下面是1,2页数的评论，主要currentPageNum变化。构造出需要的网站。
https://rate.taobao.com/feedRateList.htm?auctionNumId=556129616183&userNumId=143813255¤tPageNum=1&pageSize=20&rateType=&orderType
https://rate.taobao.com/feedRateList.htm?auctionNumId=556129616183&userNumId=143813255¤tPageNum=2&pageSize=20&rateType=&orderType
相关的code如下
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Sep 21 11:36:31 2018
@author: dflx
"""
import requests
import re
import os
import time
import json
import pandas as pd
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import xlwt
import xlrd
import os
#获取网页的html源码
def get_html(url):
header = {
'Accept':'application/json, text/plain, */*',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.3',
'Referer':'https://item.taobao.com/item.htm',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
}
response=requests.get(url,headers=header, verify=False)
#response.encoding=response.apparent_encoding
html=response.text
return html
def getJson(url):
data=get_html(url).strip().strip('()')
d=json.loads(data)
b=d['comments'] #得到comments后面的[]即列表类型，[]里有多个{}信息，每个{}代表一个用户的评论信息
print(type(b[0])) #列表[]里的每一个元素又是一个字典类型的数据
#下面遍历列表元素，取出每一个列表元素中字典里的特定信息：content、nick、date
print(type(b))
elem_list=[]
for elem in b:
user=elem["user"]['nick']
date=elem['date']
xh=elem['auction']["sku"]
money=elem["bidPriceMoney"]['amount']
comt=elem['content']
elem_list.append(user)
elem_list.append(date)
elem_list.append(xh)
elem_list.append(money)
elem_list.append(comt)
return elem_list
#print(b['date'])
#table=pd.DataFrame(b,columns=["user"['nick'],'date','auction'["sku"],"bidPriceMoney"['amount'],'content'])
#table=pd.DataFrame(b,columns=["user",'date'])
#table.to_excel("E:\\mytable.xlsx")
#单独写一页的评论
row=0 #行
def write(information):
path="E:\\informa.xls"
global row #行
column=0 #列
count=0
file=xlwt.Workbook()
sheet1=file.add_sheet('1')
t=len(information)
if(t==0):
return
print(information)
print(" 一共有",5,'列 ',t/5,'行')
for j in range(t):
sheet1.write(row,column,information[j])
count=count+1 #计数器
column=column+1 #
if(count%5==0):
row=row+1
column=0
file.save(path)
print('successful')
def writeAll(num):
first="https://rate.taobao.com/feedRateList.htm?auctionNumId=556129616183&userNumId=143813255¤tPageNum="
path="E:\\informa.xls"
column=0 #列
count=0
file=xlwt.Workbook()
sheet1=file.add_sheet('1')
elem_list=[]
elem_list.append("user")
elem_list.append("date")
elem_list.append("型号")
elem_list.append("money")
elem_list.append("评论")
for index in range(len(elem_list)):
sheet1.write(0,index,elem_list[index])
row=1
for n in range(1,num+1):
try:
url=first+str(n)+"&pageSize=20"
print(url)
infor=getJson(url)
t=len(infor)
if(t==0):
return
for j in range(t):
sheet1.write(row,column,infor[j])
count=count+1 #计数器
column=column+1 #
if(count%5==0):
row=row+1
column=0
file.save(path)
except:
print("has error")
continue
print(str(n)+"-------------页写入成功了，")
def main():
url0="https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.20.6e20434b4CzHZ3&id=556129616183&ns=1&abbucket=9#detail"
html=get_html(url0)
#print(html)
url1="https://rate.taobao.com/feedRateList.htm?auctionNumId=556129616183&userNumId=143813255¤tPageNum=1&pageSize=20"
html1=get_html(url1)
#print(html1)
writeAll(30)
遇到了一个坑，就是写excel时候单独写一页，后在写，会覆盖。最后直接总体写
image.png
参考文章如下
Python爬虫 获得淘宝商品评论
Python爬取淘宝商品详情页数据
通过Python抓取天猫评论数据
Python xlrd、xlwt 用法说明
