课前想一想
1.你知道动物家族里也有权力的争斗吗？
2.当一名首领的地位面临威胁，他会怎样应对？
3.“pay off”和付款有关系吗？
词汇装备库
1.celebrated/'selɪbreɪtɪd/(adj.)著名的，闻名的，驰名的
2.chimpanzee/,tʃɪmpæn'zi:/(n.)黑猩猩*也可以说成chimp
3.troupe/tru:p/(n.)一班，一团
a troupe of chimpanzees 一群黑猩猩
4.crown/kraʊn/(n.)王冠，皇冠；冕
5.mound/maʊnd/(n.)土堆，沙石堆；小丘
6.termite/'tɜ:rmaɪt/(n.)白蚁
7.testament/'testəmənt/(n.)证明；验证
8.groom/gru:m/(v.)擦洗，刷洗（动物）
9.scratch/skrætʃ/(v.)抓；
He was scratching(at)his mosquito bites.他在抓蚊子咬过的地方。
10. aspiration/, æspə'reɪʃn/(n.)志向，抱负；渴望达到的目标
词句兵工厂
This territory is ruled by one strong and determined leader, an alpha male known as David. 这片领地由一位强壮坚毅的领袖统治，一只名为大卫的雄性首领。
Note:
1.territory/'terətɔ:ri/(n.)领土；领地；活动范围
Each of these gangs has its own territory.每个黑帮团伙都有自己的地盘。
2.determined/dɪ'tɜ:rmɪnd/(adj.)下定决心的，坚决的，决意的
She will finally get what she wants -she's a very determined person.
她最后一定会得到自己想要的——她是个意志坚定的人。
3.alpha/'ælfə/(adj.)初期的，初级的*该词是希腊语字母表的第一个字母alpha male群体中居统治地位的雄性
词句兵工厂
David's toes begin to twitch, a nervous tic he can't conceal.
大卫的脚趾开始抽动，这种紧张抽搐它无法掩饰。
Note:
1.toe/toʊ/(n.)脚趾
2.twitch/twɪtʃ/(v.)(使）抽畜；(使）抽动；
(使）颤动
When you try to suppress a smile, you can feel the corner of your mouth twitch.
当你努力憋笑的时候，你可以感觉到嘴角的抽动。
3.tic/tɪk/(n.)(尤指因神经疾病导致的面部）抽搐
a nervous tic紧张的抽搐
4.conceal/kən'si:l/(v.)隐藏；隐匿；隐瞒
To conceal his identity, the man's voice has been dubbed over.
为了不暴露他的身份，这个人的声音经过了配音处理。
Is there something you're concealing from me? 你是不是有什么事瞒着我？
词句兵工厂
Only time will tell if this new alliance will pay off.只有时间才能证明新的结盟是否成功。
Note:
1.(only)time will tell时间会告诉你/时间会证明一切
Who knows what the future will bring? Only time will tell.
谁知道未来会发生些什么？只有时间会告诉我们答案。
Time will tell if things will improve. 时间会证明情况是否会好转。
Time will tell how much I love you. 时间会告诉你我究竟有多爱你。
2. alliance/ə'laɪəns/(n.)联盟，结盟；同盟
to make/form an alliance结成联盟
3.pay off带来好处，产生效益或者回报
The time I spent in school paid off in later years. 教育就是最好的投资。
词句兵工厂
Together, David and KL are now a force to be reckoned with.
大卫和卡尔联手起来是一股不可小虚的力量。
Note:
1.force/fɔ:rs/(n.)力，力量
2.reckon/'rekən/(v.)认为；把...看作
a force to be reckoned with不可小视的一支力量
The United Nations is now a force to be reckoned with. 联合国现在是一个不可小视的组织。
Be very careful how you deal with her because she's a force to be reckoned with .
你和她打交道要非常小心，她是个不容小虚的人物。
语法轻知识
否定词+比较级的用法
Marker sentence:
He has never been more vulnerable. 它从未像现在这样处于弱势。
否定词+比较级是英语中一个比较常见的表达，它的字面意思是“不更”“不比……更”。
Have you got nothing better to do than sit there watching TV?
除了坐在那看电视，你找不到更好的事情来做了吗？
这个结构里，常用的否定词有：not, never,nothing等。
I can't agree with you more. (我不能更同意你的观点了）我完全同意你（的观点）。
I've never had an easier test.(我没有考过比这次更简单的考试了）这次考试再简单不过了。
There's nothing lasts longer than friendships.(没有什么比友谊更加长久）友谊地久天长。
当该结构中的比较级为less时，表示“一点也不”。
I couldn't care less. 我一点也不在乎。
实战练兵场
(2015年考研英语一真题完形填空）
There could be many mechanisms working together that drive us in choosing genetically similar friends rather than "functional kinship" of being friends with _14_!
[A] chances [B]responses [C] missions [D] benefits
解析：
benefit:利益、好处，是各类考试中频繁考察的一个词语。
mechanism:机制
drive:驱使
genetically:从基因方面
functional:function的形容词，表示功能的
kinship:亲密感，亲切感
functional kinship:指功利性地交友
在四个选项里，A选项chance表示机会，B选项response表示回答，回应，C选项mission表示任务，使命，D选项benefits表示利益，能够跟functional kinship形成呼应的只有D选项benefits。
【答案】[D]benefits
文化加油站
Interesting Chimpanzee Facts 1. Chimpanzees are 6-7 times stronger than humans.
黑猩猩比人类强壮6-7倍。
2. In the wild, chimpanzee lives 40-50 years, and in captivity between 50 and 60 years.
野生黑猩猩的寿命为40-50岁，圈养黑猩猩的寿命为50-60岁。
3. They exchange kisses, hugs, touches in their community and use complicated system of sounds to communicate.
他们在社群里互相亲吻、拥抱、触摸，并用复杂的声音系统进行交流。
4. Although they use all four limbs for walking, chimpanzee can walk on two legs.
虽然黑猩猩用四肢行走，但它们也可以用两条腿行走。
5. When they are ill, chimpanzees will eat medicinal plants to heal themselves.
当黑猩猩生病时，它们会吃药用植物来治愈自己。
主题打包盒
1.纪录片《王朝》为我们展示了五类濒危动物的家族故事，记录了它们为生存而努力拼搏的过程。在第一集里，摄制组来到了西非的塞内加尔，这片干燥炎热的森林是黑猩猩的家园。
2.大卫是一名强壮坚毅的雄性首领，他已经领导这个族群长达三年。但此时，他的身边到处都是竞争对手。两名年轻的雄性——简普金和卢瑟，已经凯舰他的最高权位很久了。
3.通过互相梳理毛发的方式，大卫和卡尔结成了盟友。卡尔帮助大卫教训了简普金，他们联手起来，形成了一股不容小虚的力量。
retell
The documentary “Dynasties” shows the family stories of five endangered species and records their fights for survival. In the first episode, the crew went to Senegal of West Africa. Here, the hot and dry forest is home to a troupe of chimpanzees.David is a strong and determined male leader. He has ruled over the troupe for three years. However, he is surrounded with rivals now. Two younger males, Jumkin and Luthor, have long-sought his top spot.By grooming for each other, David and KL become allies. KL helped David to give Jumkin a sharp lesson. Together, they are a force to be reckoned with.
