maven下

35.将项目安装到maven本地资源

在Maven中，可以使用“mvn install”打包项目，并自动部署到本地资源库，让其他开发人员使用它。

mvn install

注意，
当“install”在执行阶段，上述所有阶段 “validate“, “compile“, “test“, “package“, “integration-test“, “verify” 阶段, 包括目前的“install”阶段将被执行有序。请参阅Maven的生命周期细节。

mvn install 示例

一个Java项目，具有以下 pom.xml 文件

File : pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
  http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.yiibai.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>yiibai-core</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <version>99</version>
    <name>yiibai-core</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.4</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

基于以上pom.xml文件，在“mvn install”被执行，它会打包项目为“yiibai-core-99.jar”文件，并复制到本地存储库。

警告
总是建议运行“clean”和“install”在一起，让您能始终部署最新的项目到本地存储库。

mvn clean install

36.生成基于maven的项目文档

在Maven中，可以使用“mvn site”，为您的项目信息生成文档站点。

 mvn site

生成的网站是在项目的“target/site”文件夹中。
请参见通过“mvn site”命令生成的文件列表。

37.使用“mvn deploy”部署(nexus3搭建私服)"

上传

1. 配置setting.xml

我的配置供参考

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->

<!--
 | This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two levels:
 |
 |  1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for a single user,
 |                 and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml.
 |
 |                 NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
 |
 |                 -s /path/to/user/settings.xml
 |
 |  2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all Maven
 |                 users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven
 |                 installation). It's normally provided in
 |                 ${maven.conf}/settings.xml.
 |
 |                 NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
 |
 |                 -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml
 |
 | The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start at
 | getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, the default
 | values (values used when the setting is not specified) are provided.
 |
 |-->
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <!-- localRepository
   | The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
   |
   | Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository
  <localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository>
  -->
 <localRepository>D:/maven/maven-dependcies</localRepository>
  <!-- interactiveMode
   | This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false,
   | maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for
   | the parameter in question.
   |
   | Default: true
  <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
  -->

  <!-- offline
   | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build.
   | This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others.
   |
   | Default: false
  <offline>false</offline>
  -->

  <!-- pluginGroups
   | This is a list of additional group identifiers that will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e.
   | when invoking a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group identifiers
   | "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these are not already contained in the list.
   |-->
  <pluginGroups>
    <!-- pluginGroup
     | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup.
    <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup>
    -->
    <pluginGroup>org.sonatype.plugins</pluginGroup>
  </pluginGroups>

  <!-- proxies
   | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network.
   | Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy
   | specification in this list marked as active will be used.
   |-->
  <proxies>
    <!-- proxy
     | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.
     |
    <proxy>
      <id>optional</id>
      <active>true</active>
      <protocol>http</protocol>
      <username>proxyuser</username>
      <password>proxypass</password>
      <host>proxy.host.net</host>
      <port>80</port>
      <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>
    </proxy>
    -->
  </proxies>

  <!-- servers
   | This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id used within the system.
   | Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven must make a connection to a remote server.
   |-->
  <servers>
    <!-- server
     | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by
     | a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below).
     |
     | NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are
     |       used together.
     |
    <server>
      <id>deploymentRepo</id>
      <username>repouser</username>
      <password>repopwd</password>
    </server>
    -->

    <!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate.
    <server>
      <id>siteServer</id>
      <privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey>
      <passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase>
    </server>
    -->
  <!-- 配置nexus3的用户名密码我用的是默认的 -->
    <server>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <username>admin</username>
      <password>admin123</password>
    </server>
  </servers>

  <!-- mirrors
   | This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts from remote repositories.
   |
   | It works like this: a POM may declare a repository to use in resolving certain artifacts.
   | However, this repository may have problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored
   | it to several places.
   |
   | That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create a mirror reference for that
   | repository, to be used as an alternate download site. The mirror site will be the preferred
   | server for that repository.
   |-->
  <mirrors>
    <!-- mirror
     | Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given repository. The repository that
     | this mirror serves has an ID that matches the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used
     | for inheritance and direct lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors.
     |
    <mirror>
      <id>mirrorId</id>
      <mirrorOf>repositoryId</mirrorOf>
      <name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>
      <url>http://my.repository.com/repo/path</url>
    </mirror>
     -->
      <!--This sends everything else to /public -->

      <!--This sends everything else to /public -->
  <!-- 配置mirrors远程镜像 -->
    <mirror>
      <id>nexus</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <url>http://localhost:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
    </mirror>
    <mirror>  
      <id>repo2</id>  
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>  
      <name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>  
      <url>http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/</url>  
    </mirror>
     <mirror>
      <id>alimaven</id>
      <name>aliyun maven</name>
      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>

  <!-- profiles
   | This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety of ways, and which can modify
   | the build process. Profiles provided in the settings.xml are intended to provide local machine-
   | specific paths and repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment.
   |
   | For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus - that needs to know where
   | your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide a variable here such that the variable is
   | dereferenced during the build process to configure the cactus plugin.
   |
   | As noted above, profiles can be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles
   | section of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially
   | relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular value for the property,
   | or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also be activated by JDK version prefix, where a
   | value of '1.4' might activate a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'.
   | Finally, the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line.
   |
   | NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to specifying only artifact
   |       repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form properties to be used as configuration
   |       variables for plugins in the POM.
   |
   |-->
  <profiles>
    <!-- profile
     | Specifies a set of introductions to the build process, to be activated using one or more of the
     | mechanisms described above. For inheritance purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/>
     | or the command line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique.
     |
     | An encouraged best practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention
     | for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 'user-brett', etc.
     | This will make it more intuitive to understand what the set of introduced profiles is attempting
     | to accomplish, particularly when you only have a list of profile id's for debug.
     |
     | This profile example uses the JDK version to trigger activation, and provides a JDK-specific repo.
    <profile>
      <id>jdk-1.4</id>

      <activation>
        <jdk>1.4</jdk>
      </activation>

      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>jdk14</id>
          <name>Repository for JDK 1.4 builds</name>
          <url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk14</url>
          <layout>default</layout>
          <snapshotPolicy>always</snapshotPolicy>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>
    -->

    <!--
     | Here is another profile, activated by the system property 'target-env' with a value of 'dev',
     | which provides a specific path to the Tomcat instance. To use this, your plugin configuration
     | might hypothetically look like:
     |
     | ...
     | <plugin>
     |   <groupId>org.myco.myplugins</groupId>
     |   <artifactId>myplugin</artifactId>
     |
     |   <configuration>
     |     <tomcatLocation>${tomcatPath}</tomcatLocation>
     |   </configuration>
     | </plugin>
     | ...
     |
     | NOTE: If you just wanted to inject this configuration whenever someone set 'target-env' to
     |       anything, you could just leave off the <value/> inside the activation-property.
     |
    <profile>
      <id>env-dev</id>

      <activation>
        <property>
          <name>target-env</name>
          <value>dev</value>
        </property>
      </activation>

      <properties>
        <tomcatPath>/path/to/tomcat/instance</tomcatPath>
      </properties>
    </profile>
    -->
<profile>
<!--profile的id-->
      <id>nexus</id>
<!-- maven项目的远程仓库可以使用releases和snapshots -->
      <repositories>
        <repository>
  <!--仓库id，repositories可以配置多个仓库，保证id不重复-->
          <id>central</id>
          <url>http://central</url>
          <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
          <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
  <!-- maven插件的远程仓库可以使用releases和snapshots -->
     <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
          <id>central</id>
          <url>http://central</url>
          <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
          <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
      </pluginRepositories>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
  <!-- nexus就是pom.xml中配置的id -->
  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>


  <!-- activeProfiles
   | List of profiles that are active for all builds.
   |
  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
    <activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>
  -->
</settings>

2. pom.xml

配置供参考

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yiibai.web</groupId>
<artifactId>myweb</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>myweb Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>
<distributionManagement>
<!-- 私服上传Releases版本 -->
  <repository>
    <id>nexus</id>
    <name>Releases</name>
    <url>http://localhost:8081/repository/maven-releases</url>
  </repository>
<!-- 私服上传snapshot版本 -->
  <snapshotRepository>
    <id>nexus</id>
    <name>Snapshot</name>
    <url>http://localhost:8081/repository/maven-snapshots</url>
  </snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>
<build>
  <finalName>myweb</finalName>
  <plugins>
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
      <configuration>
        <skip>true</skip>
      </configuration>
    </plugin>
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>3.3</version>
      <configuration>
        <source>1.8</source>
        <target>1.8</target>
      </configuration>
    </plugin>
  </plugins>
</build>
</project>

总结
1、在mirrorOf与repositoryId相同的时候优先是使用mirror的地址

2、mirrorOf等于*的时候覆盖所有repository配置

3、存在多个mirror配置的时候mirrorOf等于*放到最后

4、只配置mirrorOf为central的时候可以不用配置repository

maven的settings.xml文件里面有proxy、server、repository、mirror的配置，在配置仓库地址的时候容易混淆

  • proxy是服务器不能直接访问外网时需要设置的代理服务，不常用

  • server是服务器要打包上传到私服时，设置私服的鉴权信息

  • repository是服务器下载jar包的仓库地址

  • mirror是用于替代仓库地址的镜像地址

下载

修改maven配置文件 setting.xml
  • 配置profile
        <profile>   
        <!--profile的id-->
        <id>dev</id>   
        <repositories>   
          <repository>  
            <!--仓库id，repositories可以配置多个仓库，保证id不重复-->
            <id>nexus</id>   
            <!--仓库地址，即nexus仓库组的地址-->
            <url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>   
            <!--是否下载releases构件-->
            <releases>   
              <enabled>true</enabled>   
            </releases>   
            <!--是否下载snapshots构件-->
            <snapshots>   
              <enabled>true</enabled>   
            </snapshots>   
          </repository>   
        </repositories>  
         <pluginRepositories>  
            <!-- 插件仓库，maven的运行依赖插件，也需要从私服下载插件 -->
            <pluginRepository>  
                <!-- 插件仓库的id不允许重复，如果重复后边配置会覆盖前边 -->
                <id>public</id>  
                <name>Public Repositories</name>  
                <url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>  
            </pluginRepository>  
        </pluginRepositories>  
      </profile>
  • 配置activeProfiles
  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>dev</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springbootdemo</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

最后这个是在pom文件配置的下载私服上的jar包

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