今晚分享的这个句子来自本周知新共学12月翻译群的一次练习,选自经济学人今年早些时候的一篇文章,标题是Over 65 Shades of Grey。
This binary way of thinking, seeing retirement as a cliff edge over which workers and consumers suddenly tumble, bears little relation to the real world.
先抠词吧:
Binary: consisting of two parts由两部分组成的;二元的;双重的
a binary star system 双星系
比较难理解的是binary way of thinking,搜索一下平行文本可知:
binary thinking denotes a system of thought that predominantly considers things in an “either, or”, “right, wrong”, “black, white” way, ignoring any subtleties or consideration of third or more alternatives.
people who habitually think in this way are usually fairly unintelligent and unimaginative.
g.w. bush: “you’re either with us, or your with the terrorists”.
me: “wow, bush can only seem to understand the world through binary thinking…”
从上可知,这个是非黑即白、一刀切、极端绝对的思想。
值得注意的是,binary thinking的平行文本中,还有一句话是这样解释的:
It can also be thought of as "black and white" thinking; binary thinking means not accounting for or consideringshades of grey.
这里有个shades of grey也和这篇文章的标题Over 65 Shades of Grey有异曲同工之妙,我要么考虑了黑的一面,要么考虑了白的一面,就是不考虑中间地带的灰色一面。
说多了,继续抠词:
tumble over/backwards/down: to fall down quickly and suddenly, especially with a rolling movement倒下,跌倒,摔倒; 滚
She lost her balance and tumbled backwards.
她失去了平衡,朝后倒去。
bear a relation to sb/sth: to be similar to someone or something else与某人/某物相似/有关:
The things she says bear little relation to what she actually does.她言行不太一致。
这句话最难的地方在于这个定语从句:retirement as a cliff edge over which workers and consumers suddenly tumble劳动者和消费者突然跌落的悬崖,不可能是他们真的跌落悬崖。
我们可以想象一下,跌落悬崖就是急转直下,突然下跌。结合语境,前面说退休,那么退休就不存在workers一说了,不存在劳动者了,说明他的工作能力没有了,等于是工作能力掉下悬崖了。另一方面,这句话所在段落的上面一段有说:
As the world greys, growth, tax revenues and workforces will decline while spending on pensions and health care will increase.
随着世界老龄化加剧,经济增长、税收收入以及劳动力都会出现衰退,而养老金和医疗保健上的支出却会增加。
说明退休之后,经济增长会放缓,有个原因就在于消费不足,老年人的消费是比年轻人少很多的,他们的开支很大一部分是医疗,而医疗一般是国家在承担,不是自己掏钱的。
所以这里的消费者掉下悬崖,意思应该就是他们的消费能力急转直下。
综上,worker借代的是工作能力,consumer借代的是消费水平,也就是,人退休之后,工作能力和消费水平都急转直下/大不如前。群里一位译友@艳艳姐 是这样翻译的:
将退休年龄看做泾渭分明的界限,似乎一旦过了这个线,工作状态和消费能力就会突然垮掉。
供参考。
最后提供官方译文供参考:
仿佛临退休就是走到了悬崖边,员工和消费者会猛然跌落。