一、如何利用idea创建一个maven web项目？
1、file -- new -- project
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2、选择maven的web模板
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3、一些配置
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一直点next，这样一个空的web工程就创建好了
4、创建好的web工程目录结构
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5、补齐缺失的目录文件夹（看图操作）
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6、引入必要的依赖
6.1、引入springmvc的pom依赖
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>4.0.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring aop start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.6.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
<version>2.1_3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>asm</artifactId>
<groupId>asm</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- spring aop end -->
6.2、引入jackson依赖，没有这个jackson，使用@ResponseBody注解会报416错误
<!-- jackson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- fast json 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.28</version>
</dependency>
6.3、如何引入本地jar包依赖
6.3.1 jar包一定要放在WEB-INf下的lib目录下，否则会报NoClassDefFoundError（这个是编译正常，运行时找不到正确的jar包）
6.3.2 pom依赖的正确写法
<!-- 添加串口通信 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.rxtx</groupId>
<artifactId>rxtx</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>system</scope>
<systemPath>${basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/rxtx-2.2.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>
7、web.xml的配置
7.1 添加springmvcfilter，所有请求都交给spring容器处理
<!-- springmvc -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring/spring-mvc-servlet.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
7.2 如果要使用applicationContext.getBean(beanName)的方式获取bean要添加如下配置
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 添加spring上下文 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>com.shangda.message.listener.SuperContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
注：spring/spring-mvc-servlet.xml这个文件在下图目录下
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