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Linux CentOS 7 MySQL 修改root密码和设置权限
如果遇到以下问题，或者使用 Navicat 连接不上Mysql（修改权限），请尝试以下操作。
Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
修改密码
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]下添加
skip-grant-tables
跳过密码登录mysql。
使用
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
登录，然后回车，进入mysql命令行。
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
进入user库：
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
修改密码：
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| 192.168.5.104 | root | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| localhost.localdomain | root | |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | |
| ::1 | root | |
| % | root | *FABE5482D5AADF36D028AC443D117BE1180B9725 |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('root') WHERE user = 'root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 5 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
然后flush privileges使生效
mysql> select user, host,password from user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | 192.168.5.104 | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | localhost.localdomain | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | ::1 | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | % | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
然后ctrl + c退出mysql命令行，将/etc/my.cnf 之前添加的skip-grant-tables 去除。
然后重启mysq服务。
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
修改权限：
root默认是不支持远程登录的,用外网连接你必须给权限，
或者root不给权限，可以创建一个其他的用户，然后赋权限，
以便安全控制。
允许用户root使用密码从任何主机连接到mysql服务器
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
或者
允许用户root从ip为192.168.5.104的主机连接到mysql服务器
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.5.104' IDENTIFIED BY 'root'WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
然后flush privileges
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
重启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
完。
