抽象工厂模式——软件设计模式
女娲造人类图
人类总称
public interface Human {
public void getColor();
public void talk();
public void getSex();
}
各色人种
public abstract class AbstractBlackHuman implements Human {
public void getColor(){
System.out.println("皮肤的颜色是black");
}
public void talk(){
System.out.println("黑人说话");
}
}
public abstract class AbstractWhiteHuman implements Human {
public void getColor(){
System.out.println("皮肤的颜色是white");
}
public void talk(){
System.out.println("白人说话");
}
}
public abstract class AbstractYellowHuman implements Human {
public void getColor(){
System.out.println("皮肤的颜色是yellow");
}
public void talk(){
System.out.println("黄种人说话");
}
}
黄色女性人种
public class FemaleYellowHuman extends AbstractYellowHuman{
public void getSex(){
System.out.println("女性");
}
}
黄色男性人种
public class MaleYellowHuman extends AbstractYellowHuman{
public void getSex(){
System.out.println("男性");
}
}
人类创建工厂接口
public interface HumanFactory {
public Human createYellowHuman();
public Human createWhiteHuman();
public Human createBlackHuman();
}
人类创造工厂
public class FemaleHumanFactory extends HumanFactory {
public Human createYellowHuman(){
return new FemaleBlackHuman();
}
public Human createBlackHuman(){
return new FemaleYellowHuman();
}
public Human createWhiteHuman(){
return new FemaleWhiteHuman();
}
}
public class MaleHumanFactory extends HumanFactory {
public Human createYellowHuman(){
return new MaleBlackHuman();
}
public Human createBlackHuman(){
return new MaleYellowHuman();
}
public Human createWhiteHuman(){
return new MaleWhiteHuman();
}
}
场景类
public class NvWa{
public static void main(String[] args) {
HumanFactory maleHumanFactory = new MaleHumanFactory();
HumanFactory femaleHumanFactory = new FemaleHumanFactory();
maleHumanFactory.createWhiteHuman();
maleHumanFactory.createYellowHuman();
maleHumanFactory.createBlackHuman();
femaleHumanFactory.createWhiteHuman();
femaleHumanFactory.createYellowHuman();
femaleHumanFactory.createBlackHuman();
}
}
抽象工厂方式的定义
Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.
为创建一组相关或者相互依赖的对象提供一个接口，而且无需制定它们的具体
抽象工厂模式
- 抽象工厂模式是工厂方法模式的升级版本
- 多个业务品种、业务分类
抽象产品类
public abstract class AbstractProductA{
//每个产品共有的方法
public void sharedMethod(){
//code to do something
}
//每个产品相同方法，不同实现
public abstract void doSomething();
}
public abstract class AbstractProductB{
//每个产品共有的方法
public void sharedMethod(){
//code to do something
}
//每个产品相同方法，不同实现
public abstract void doSomething();
}
产品实现类
public class ProductA1 extends AbstractProductA{
public void doSomething(){
System.out.println("产品A1的实现方法");
}
}
public class ProductA2 extends AbstractProductA{
public void doSomething(){
System.out.println("产品A2的实现方法");
}
}
public class ProductB1 extends AbstractProductA{
public void doSomething(){
System.out.println("产品B1的实现方法");
}
}
public class ProductB2 extends AbstractProductA{
public void doSomething(){
System.out.println("产品B2的实现方法");
}
}
抽象工厂类
public abstract class AbstractCreator{
public abstract AbstractProductA createProductA();
public abstract AbstractProductB createProductB();
}
工厂实现类
public class Creator1 extends AbstractCreator{
public AbstractProductA createProductA(){
return new ProductA1();
}
public AbstractProductA createProductB(){
return new ProductB1();
}
}
public class Creator2 extends AbstractCreator{
public AbstractProductA createProductA(){
return new ProductA2();
}
public AbstractProductA createProductB(){
return new ProductB2();
}
}
场景类Client
public class Client{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//定义两个工厂
AbstractCreator creator1 = new Creator1();
AbstractCreator creator2 = new Creator2();
AbstractProductA a1 = creator1.createProductA();
AbstractProductA a2 = creator2.createProductA();
AbstractProductA b1 = creator1.createProductB();
AbstractProductA b2 = creator2.createProductB();
/**
* 业务逻辑
*/
}
}
抽象工厂模式的优缺点
抽象工厂模式的优点
- 封装性：高层模块只关心工厂类是谁，不考虑产品类
- 产品族内的约束为非公开状态
抽象工厂模式的缺点
- 产品族扩展非常困难
抽象工厂模式的使用场景
- 涉及到不同操作系统的时候，都可以考虑使用抽象工厂模式
