背景
在CMS项目中,网页的正文是用富文本编辑器来维护的,经过调研发现,将文章生成word版本时,需要使用doc4j来生成,核心代码如下:
### 对html进行标准化处理并增加字符集设置
Document document = org.jsoup.Jsoup.parse(htmlContent);
document.head().prepend("<meta charset=\"utf-8\"/>");
String normalizedHtmlContent = document.html();
### 将标准化后的html内容插入word文件
WordprocessingMLPackage aPackage = WordprocessingMLPackage.load(outputFile);
MainDocumentPart mainDocumentPart = aPackage.getMainDocumentPart();
mainDocumentPart.addAltChunk(AltChunkType.Html, normalizedHtmlContent.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8));
aPackage.save(outputFile);
本来想将word转换成pdf, 经过失败了。不知道其他朋友有没有遇到过类似的需求场景,如果有的话,希望你能给大家分享一下。
最终转换思路,决定使用html来生成pdf, 经过一番调研,发现wkhtmltopdf还不错,能够较好地满足需求。
尝试在命令行环境实现
生成的pdf需要页眉页脚,其中页脚中的页码如果是奇数放在右边,如果是偶数放在左边,就像这样的效果:
通过阅读wkhtmltopdf文档发现,wkhtmltopdf在生成页脚时,使用GET请求获取页脚中页面的数据,同时会带上page等参数。考虑到要根据page来动态控制页脚中的页码,我决定使用freemarker来实现。因此需要在项目中引入freemaker并做好相关配置:
# 添加freemarker依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>
# 在application.properties中配置相关参数
############################## freemarker START ##############################
spring.freemarker.enabled=true
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath:/templates/
spring.freemarker.suffix=.html
spring.freemarker.cache=false
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.content-type=text/html
spring.freemarker.check-template-location=true
spring.freemarker.settings.tag_syntax=square_bracket
spring.freemarker.settings.template_update_delay=5
spring.freemarker.settings.defaultEncoding=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.settings.url_escaping_charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.settings.locale=zh_CN
spring.freemarker.settings.boolean_format=true,false
spring.freemarker.settings.datetime_format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
spring.freemarker.settings.date_format=yyyy-MM-dd
spring.freemarker.settings.time_format=HH:mm:ss
spring.freemarker.settings.number_format=0.######
spring.freemarker.settings.whitespace_stripping=true
spring.freemarker.settings.template_exception_handler=com.xxx.ow.staticpage.exception.FreemarkerExceptionHandler
############################## freemarker END ##############################
- 添加Controller代码
/**
* 规章详情
*
* @author : jamesfu
* @date : 21/2/2022 14:22
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/api/page/ruleArticle")
@Slf4j
public class RuleArticleController {
/**
* pdf页眉
*
* @return 页面模板
*/
@GetMapping("pdfHeader")
public ModelAndView pdfHeader() {
return new ModelAndView("custom/article/规章详情-PDF-Header");
}
/**
* pdf页脚
*
* @return 页面模板
*/
@GetMapping("pdfFooter")
public ModelAndView pdfFooter(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {
log.info("request query string is {}", request.getQueryString());
String strPage = request.getParameter("page");
log.info("page is {}", strPage);
if (strPage != null) {
int intPage = Integer.parseInt(strPage);
model.addAttribute("page", intPage);
} else {
model.addAttribute("page", 0);
}
return new ModelAndView("custom/article/规章详情-PDF-Footer");
}
/**
* pdf页面
*
* @return 页面模板
*/
@GetMapping("pdfBody")
public ModelAndView pdfBody(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("title","住房和城乡建设部关于修改《建设工程勘察质量管理办法》的决定");
model.addAttribute("notes","(2021年4月1日中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部令第53号公布 自公布之日起施行)");
model.addAttribute("content","住房和城乡建设部决定对《建设工程勘察质量管理办法》(建设部令第115号,根据建设部令第163号修改)作如下修改:");
return new ModelAndView("custom/article/规章详情-PDF-Body");
}
}
- 添加freemarker pdfHeader模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>规章详情页眉</title>
<style>
html, body {
margin: 0;
}
p {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.gz-detail {
margin: auto 85px;
}
.gz-page-header {
position: relative;
padding-top: 69px;
padding-bottom: 16px;
}
.gz-page-header .logo {
width: 36px;
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.gz-page-header .page-title {
font-size: 24px;
color: #005392;
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
font-family: 'FangSong','仿宋', 'SimSun', '宋体';
padding-left: 2px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.gz-page-header .gz-detail-border-bottom {
position: absolute;
bottom: -5px;
width: 100%;
height: 3px;
background: #015293;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="gz-detail">
<div class="gz-page-header">
<img class="logo" src="/assets/image/logo/icon_logo.png">
<span class="page-title">住房和城乡建设部规章</span>
<div class="gz-detail-border-bottom"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 添加freemarker pdfFooter模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>规章详情页脚</title>
<style>
html, body {
margin: 0;
}
p {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.gz-detail {
margin: auto 85px;
}
.gz-page-footer {
border-top: 3px solid #015293;
padding-top: 22px;
padding-bottom: 22px;
font-size: 24px;
text-align: right;
color: #015293;
/*padding-right: 63px;*/
padding-right: 0;
font-weight: bold;
font-family: 'FangSong','仿宋', 'SimSun', '宋体';
}
.left-page {
padding: 7px 0;
text-align: left;
font-size: 24px;
font-family: 'FangSong','仿宋', 'SimSun', '宋体';
}
.right-page {
padding: 7px 0;
text-align: right;
font-size: 24px;
font-family: 'FangSong','仿宋', 'SimSun', '宋体';
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="gz-detail">
[#if page % 2 == 0]
<div class="left-page">- ${page} -</div>
[#else]
<div class="right-page">- ${page} -</div>
[/#if]
<div class="gz-page-footer">住房和城乡建设部发布</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 添加freemarker pdfBody模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>规章详情正文</title>
<style>
html, body {
margin: 0;
}
p {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.gz-detail {
margin: auto 85px;
}
.gz-page-content {
padding-top: 85px;
position: relative;
}
.gz-page-content .content-title {
text-align: center;
}
.gz-page-content .content-title .main-title,
.gz-page-content .content-title .main-title * {
font-size: 36px;
font-family: 'SimSun', '宋体';
color: #333333;
}
.gz-page-content .content-title .notes {
font-size: 24px;
padding: 14px 0 9px;
margin-bottom: 30px;
line-height: 150%;
font-family: 'FangSong','仿宋', 'SimSun', '宋体';
color: #333333;
}
.gz-page-content .editorContent-box {
border: 0;
}
.gz-page-content .expire-box {
position: absolute;
right: 40px;
top: 70px;
text-align: center;
}
.gz-page-content .expire-box img {
width: 189px;
height: 76px;
}
.gz-page-content .expire-box .expire-text {
padding-top: 5px;
font-size: 14px;
color: #757575;
}
.content-inner {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
padding: 0 5px 40px;
margin-top: 20px;
overflow: hidden;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 30px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.content-inner div,
.content-inner h1,
.content-inner h2,
.content-inner h3,
.content-inner h4,
.content-inner h5,
.content-inner h6,
.content-inner hr,
.content-inner p,
.content-inner blockquote,
.content-inner dl,
.content-inner dt,
.content-inner dd,
.content-inner ul,
.content-inner ol,
.content-inner pre,
.content-inner span,
.content-inner a,
.content-inner i,
.content-inner strong,
.content-inner b,
.content-inner form,
.content-inner fieldset,
.content-inner legend,
.content-inner button,
.content-inner input,
.content-inner select,
.content-inner textarea,
.content-inner th,
.content-inner td {
font-size: inherit;
}
.content-inner a {
color: #006AD2;
}
.content-inner img {
max-width: 100%;
}
.content-inner p {
line-height: 30px;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.content-inner table,
.content-inner img {
margin: 0 auto;
}
.content-inner ol {
list-style: decimal;
}
.content-inner ol li {
list-style: inherit;
}
.content-inner ul {
list-style: disc;
}
.content-inner ul li {
list-style: inherit;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="gz-detail">
<div class="gz-page-content">
<div class="content-title">
<p class="main-title">${title}</p>
<p class="notes">${notes}</p>
</div>
<div class="content-inner">
${content}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 使用wkhtmltopdf在命令行进行一次测试
/usr/local/bin/wkhtmltopdf --page-size A4 --header-spacing 3 --footer-spacing 6
--header-html 'http://127.0.0.1:18080/api/page/ruleArticle/pdfHeader'
--footer-html 'http://127.0.0.1:18080/api/page/ruleArticle/pdfFooter'
'http://127.0.0.1:18080/api/page/ruleArticle/pdfBody'
/Users/jamesfu/pdf/wengao022101.pdf
实现效果还是不错的。
集成到后端服务中
- 引用maven包java-wkhtmltopdf-wrapper
<!--wkhtmltopdf包装器:https://github.com/jhonnymertz/java-wkhtmltopdf-wrapper-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.jhonnymertz</groupId>
<artifactId>java-wkhtmltopdf-wrapper</artifactId>
<version>1.1.13-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
- 使用java-wkhtmltopdf-wrapper生成文件,然后上传到文件服务器
@Resource
private IFileUploadService fileUploadService;
@Resource
private SiteConfig siteConfig;
@Resource
private BusinessConfig businessConfig;
@Resource
private Configuration configuration;
/**
* 生成规章pdf文件
*
* @return pdf文件上传结果
*/
@Override
public FileUploadResult generatePdf(Map<String, Object> data) throws TemplateException, IOException {
//构造模板路径和输出文件路径
String articleTitle = data.get("title").toString();
String resultFileName = articleTitle + ".pdf";
String outputDir = siteConfig.getStaticTempDir() + File.separator + "ruleArticle";
String outputFilePath = outputDir + File.separator + resultFileName;
FileUtil.mkdir(outputDir);
File outputFile = FileUtil.file(outputFilePath);
String headerHtml = String.format("http://127.0.0.1:%s/api/page/ruleArticle/pdfHeader", businessConfig.getServerPort());
String footerHtml = String.format("http://127.0.0.1:%s/api/page/ruleArticle/pdfFooter", businessConfig.getServerPort());
String bodyHtml = generateBodyHtml(data);
try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile)) {
String wkhtmltopdfCommand = businessConfig.getWkhtmltopdfCommand();
WrapperConfig wc = new WrapperConfig(wkhtmltopdfCommand);
Pdf pdf = new Pdf(wc);
pdf.addParam(new Param("--enable-local-file-access"));
pdf.addParam(new Param("--page-size", "A4"));
pdf.addParam(new Param("--header-spacing", "3"));
pdf.addParam(new Param("--footer-spacing", "6"));
pdf.addParam(new Param("--header-html", headerHtml));
pdf.addParam(new Param("--footer-html", footerHtml));
pdf.addPageFromString(bodyHtml);
pdf.saveAsDirect(outputFilePath);
fos.flush();
fos.close();
return fileUploadService.uploadFile(outputFile);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
FileUtil.del(outputFile);
}
}
private String generateBodyHtml(Map<String, Object> data) throws IOException, TemplateException {
Template template = configuration.getTemplate("/custom/article/规章详情-PDF-Body.html");
try (ByteArrayOutputStream fileOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Writer writer = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
template.process(data, writer);
return fileOutputStream.toString();
}
}
总结
- 在生成pdf文件中的过程中发现,如果网页不标准,比如缺少标题title,会出错,导致生成空白的pdf文件。
- 字体问题:在linux服务器环境,需要提前安装相关的中文字体
有服务器上运行fc-list命令查看安装的中文字体
fc-list :lang=zh-cn