说到网络请求,解析网络数据,网络状况监控.我们不免想到AFNetworking这个强大的第三方类库.今天我就简单的聊一下AFNetworking的网络请求和网络情况监控.
AFNetworking的网络请求
在说AFNetworking请求网络数据之前,我们先看一下我们用系统自带的NSURLSession是如何来请求网络数据的.我就以Get请求为例直接在ViewController中做网络请求.请看下面范例代码
#import "ViewController.h"
//范例接口
#define URLString @"http://s.budejie.com/topic/list/zuixin/10/budejie-android-6.2.7/0-20.json?market=xiaomi&udid=866963025576465&appname=baisibudejie&os=4.4.4&client=android&visiting=&mac=74%3A51%3Aba%3Acc%3A46%3A7d&ver=6.2.7"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:URLString];
//设置请求对象
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
//请求网络数据
NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [[NSURLSession sharedSession] dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
//代码保护
if (!error && nil != data) {
NSLog(@"%@",data);
}
}];
//开始请求网络数据.
[dataTask resume];
}
现在看一下AFNetworking中的AFHTTPRequestOperation是如何做网络请求的.
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AFNetworking/AFNetworking.h>
//范例接口
#define URLString @"http://s.budejie.com/topic/list/zuixin/10/budejie-android-6.2.7/0-20.json?market=xiaomi&udid=866963025576465&appname=baisibudejie&os=4.4.4&client=android&visiting=&mac=74%3A51%3Aba%3Acc%3A46%3A7d&ver=6.2.7"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:URLString];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc]initWithRequest:request];
//请求数据
[operation setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
NSString *dataString = operation.responseString;
NSData *data = [dataString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
if ( nil != data) {
NSLog(@"%@",data);
}
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}];
//开始请求网络数据
[operation start];
}
看到上面AFHTTPRequestOperation的请求网络数据的时候,顿时觉得 好复杂,那么AFNetworking对此又进一步进行了封装,出现了AFHTTPRequestOperationManager这个类,下面我们就看一下AFHTTPRequestOperationManager是如何请求网络数据的.
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AFNetworking/AFNetworking.h>
//范例接口
#define URLString @"http://s.budejie.com/topic/list/zuixin/10/budejie-android-6.2.7/0-20.json?market=xiaomi&udid=866963025576465&appname=baisibudejie&os=4.4.4&client=android&visiting=&mac=74%3A51%3Aba%3Acc%3A46%3A7d&ver=6.2.7"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
[manager GET:URLString parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
NSString *dataString = operation.responseString;
NSData *data = [dataString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
if ( nil != data) {
NSLog(@"%@",data);
}
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"请求失败!");
}];
}
总结: 使用AFHTTPRequestOperationManager这个类请求网络数据是不是就简单了许多呢?从上面可以看出来AFNetworking在做网络请求的时候,不但自己添加了子线程请求网络数据,而且更加的简单使用,大大减少了我们的代码量.优势突出.
AFNetworking检测网络状况
我们在做项目的时候,就要把各种网络情况分析到,然后做出相应的对策.那么我们在我们的项目中如何网络状况的监控呢?
方法1:Reachability
首先我们需要导入检测网络状态的SystemConfiguration.frame 框架 ,然后在AppDelegate.m中导入 Reachability.h (网上简单的检测网络的第三方.)
----> 点击进入下载 Reachability
#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "Reachability.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()
@property(nonatomic,strong)Reachability *reachability;
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(networkStateChange) name:kReachabilityChangedNotification object:nil];
self.reachability = [Reachability reachabilityForInternetConnection];
[self.reachability startNotifier];
return YES;
}
#pragma mark----检测网络状态---
- (void)networkStateChange
{
[self checkNetworkState];
}
//下面都需要于用户做交互.比如做一个弹窗提醒用户什么的.
- (void)checkNetworkState
{
// 1.检测wifi状态
Reachability *wifi = [Reachability reachabilityForLocalWiFi];
// 2.检测手机是否能上网络(WIFI\3G\2.5G)
Reachability *conn = [Reachability reachabilityForInternetConnection];
// 3.判断网络状态
if ([wifi currentReachabilityStatus] != NotReachable) { // 有wifi
} else if ([conn currentReachabilityStatus] != NotReachable) { // 没有使用wifi, 使用手机自带网络进行上网
} else { // 没有网络
}
}
//在ARC环境下delloc也要释放观察者.
-(void)dealloc{
[self.reachability stopNotifier];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];
}
方法2:AFNetworking
如何使用AFNetworking做网络监控呢?AFNetworkReachabilityManager这个类中自带着监听网络的方法,同时AFNetworkReachabilityManager还拥有一个枚举,代表着网络状况.
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, AFNetworkReachabilityStatus) {
AFNetworkReachabilityStatusUnknown = -1,//未识别的网络
AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable = 0,//不可达的网络(未连接)
AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN = 1,//2G,3G,4G...
AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi = 2,//wifi网络
};
#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import <AFNetworking/AFNetworkReachabilityManager.h>
@interface AppDelegate ()
@property(nonatomic,strong)AFNetworkReachabilityManager *reachabilityManager;
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
//创建网络监控对象
self.reachabilityManager = [AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager];
//设置监听
[_reachabilityManager setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
switch (status) {
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusUnknown:
NSLog(@"未识别的网络");
break;
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable:
NSLog(@"不可达的网络(未连接)");
break;
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN:
NSLog(@"2G,3G,4G...的网络");
break;
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi:
NSLog(@"wifi的网络");
break;
default:
break;
}
}];
//开始监听网络状况.
[_reachabilityManager startMonitoring];
return YES;
}
-(void)dealloc{
//停止监听网络状况.
[_reachabilityManager stopMonitoring];
}
总结:与Reachability相比之下,AFNetworking是不是代码更加的简练呢?AFNetworking其实封装了Reachability,使我们的代码更加的简单易上手.
AFNetworking3.0
现在的AFNetworking已经更新到3.0版本,那么在3.0版本的AFNetworking与2.0版本的AFNetworking又有哪些不同呢?
第一条:由于NSURLConnection的API已经正式被苹果弃用.所以AFNetworking有三个类被弃用,这三个类分别是
AFURLConnectionOperation
AFHTTPRequestOperation
AFHTTPRequestOperationManager
第二条: NSURLConnection已经被弃用,所以基于NSURLConnection的实现的类已经修改成使用NSURLSession进行内部的实现和封装.
UIImageView+AFNetworking
UIWebView+AFNetworking
UIButton+AFNetworking
第三条:AFHTTPRequestOperationManager由于被弃用,所以引用了新的类AFHTTPSessionManager,两者的去呗不大,但是要注意的是block块中返回的数据类型不再是AFHTTPRequestOperation类型,而是NSURLSessionDataTask类型,上面我做测试是使用2.0的AFNetworking,那么我们看一下3.0的是如何请求网络数据
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AFNetworking/AFNetworking.h>
//范例接口
#define URLString @"http://s.budejie.com/topic/list/zuixin/10/budejie-android-6.2.7/0-20.json?market=xiaomi&udid=866963025576465&appname=baisibudejie&os=4.4.4&client=android&visiting=&mac=74%3A51%3Aba%3Acc%3A46%3A7d&ver=6.2.7"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
AFHTTPSessionManager *session = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];
[session GET:URLString parameters:nil success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, id responseObject) {
NSLog(@"%@",responseObject);
} failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"网络请求失败");
}];
}
