Jason老师今天和大家一起探讨完成式分词的用法：

如果2个动作先后发生，

She bought a bike and cycled home.

可以改写成：Having bought a bike, she cycled home.

一个动作已经持续一定时间后，第二个动作开始：

He had been living there for such a long time that he didn't want to move to another town.

可以变成： Having lived there for such a long time, he didn't want to move to another town.

完成式分词可以用在主动语态也可用在被动语态：

Having cooked, he set the table.主动

Having been cooked, the food looked delicious.被动

使用分词从句时要注意：

2个从句必须拥有一个主语

主要信息放在主句中，次要信息放在分词从句中

确保分词的形式是正确的，现在分词，过去分词还是完成式分词

连接词as, because, since 和关系代词 who, which通常就被拿掉了：

As she didn't have a boyfriend, she flirted with every guy she met.

变成Not having a boyfriend, she flirted with every guy she met.

A friend who helps you in need is a good friend indeed.

变成A friend helping you in need is a good friend indeed.

连接词before, when常用在分词从句中

Before he left the house, he switched off the lights.

变成Before leaving the house, he switched off the lights.

When I travel around Ireland, I always stay in youth hostels.

变成When travelling around Ireland, I always stay in youth hostels.

连接词是after, while 时

After I had dropped him at the station, I drove straight to the supermarket.

变成Having dropped him at the station, I drove straight to the supermarket.

While she was preparing dinner, she cut her finger.

变成While preparing dinner, she cut her finger.

主语不一致时，结构是：

Iheardhim playingthe guitar. 同样的动词还有feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch

有一种情况，不常用，却很正式的书面表达：

2个句子的主语都很明确 Mrs Jones went to New York. Mr Smith took up her position.

如果把2个句子变成一个句子。(With)Mrs Jones going to New York, Mr Smith took up her position.

给大家几个句子做练习，把它们变成分词从句的形式：

The boy asked his mother's permission and then went out to play.

She filled the washing machine and switched it on.

I had not ridden a horse for a long time and found it very difficult to keep in the saddle.

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