原文地址:How to Install Oracle Java JDK on Ubuntu Linux
This tutorial will cover the installation of 32-bit and 64-bit Oracle Java 8 (currently version number1.8.0_20) JDK on 32-bit and 64-bit Ubuntu operating systems. These instructions will also work on Debian and Linux Mint.
本教程覆盖在32位和64位Ubuntu操作系统上安装32位和64位 Oracle Java 8(现在最新版本号是1.8.0_20) JDK.这些方法同样适用于Debian和Linux Mint.
This article is for those who only want to install the Oracle Java JDK
with the Oracle Java JRE included in the JDK download. Instructions for
how to install Oracle Java JDK only on Debian based Linux operating
systems such as Debian, Ubuntu and Linux Mint.
这篇文章是写给那些只想安装Oracle Java JDK 并且包含JRE的人.这些方法只基于Dibian系的Linux分发版,例如Debian, Ubuntu, 和 Linux Mint.
1
Check to see if your Ubuntu Linux operating system
architecture is 32-bit or 64-bit, open up a terminal and run the
following command below.
Type/Copy/Paste:file /sbin/init
Note the bit version of your Ubuntu Linux operating system architecture it will display whether it is 32-bit or 64-bit.
1.检查你的Ubuntu系统是32位还是64位的.打开你的终端,运行下列命令:
$:file /sbin/init
Note:你的终端窗口会显示你的Ubuntu系统是32位还是64位的.
2
Check if you have Java installed on your system.To do this, you will have to run the Java version command from terminal.
Open up a terminal and enter the following command:
Type/Copy/Paste:java -version
If you have OpenJDK installed on your system it may look like this:
java version "1.7.0_15"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.10pre) (7b15~pre1-0lucid1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 19.0-b09, mixed mode)
If you have OpenJDK installed on your system, you have the wrong vendor version of Java installed for this exercise.
2.检查你的系统中是否已经安装过了Java.你需要在终端中运行下面的命令:
java -version
如果你的系统中已经安装了OpenJDK,会有如下信息显示:
java version "1.7.0_15"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.10pre) (7b15~pre1-0lucid1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 19.0-b09, mixed mode)
如果你的系统安装了OpenJDK, 此次练习中你安装了不正确的Java版本.
3
Completely remove the OpenJDK/JRE from your system and create a directory to hold your Oracle Java JDK/JRE binaries.This will prevent system conflicts and confusion between different vendor versions of Java. For example, if you have the OpenJDK/JRE installed on your system, you can remove it by typing the following at the command line:
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo apt-get purge openjdk-\*
This command will completely remove OpenJDK/JRE from your system
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java
This command will create a directory to hold your Oracle Java JDK and JRE binaries.
3.完整移除OpenJDK/JRE从你的系统,并且创建一个文件夹用来存放你的Oracle Java JDK 二进制文件.这能防止系统发生冲突和混乱在不同版本的Java版本.例如,如果你的系统中安装了OpenJDK,你可以移除踏通过输入下列命令:
sudo apt-get purge openjdk-\*
这行命令会从你的系统中完整移除OpenJDK/JRE.
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java
这行命令会创建一个文件夹用来存放你的Oracle Java JDK 和 JRE 二进制文件.
Download the Oracle Java JDK for Linux. Make sure you select thecorrectcompressed binaries for your system architecture 32-bit or 64-bit (which end in tar.gz).
For example, if you are on Ubuntu Linux 32-bit operating system download 32-bit Oracle Java binaries.
For example, if you are on Ubuntu Linux 64-bit operating system download 64-bit Oracle Java binaries.
Optional,Download the Oracle Java JDK Documentation
Select jdk-8u20-apidocs.zip
Important Information:64-bit Oracle Java binaries do not work on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux operating systems, you will receive multiple system error messages, if you attempt to install 64-bit Oracle Java on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux.
4.下载Linux版本的Oracle JDK .确定你为你的系统(32位或者64位)选择了正确的压缩包(以tar.gz结尾的文件).
如果你的系统是32位的就下载32位的JDK, 64位的就下载64位的JDK.
注意:64位的JDK不会在32位的系统上工作,如果你试图在32位系统上安装64位JDK会收到一堆系统错误.
5
Copy the Oracle Java binaries into the /usr/local/java directory.In most cases, the Oracle Java binaries are downloaded to: /home/"your_user_name"/Downloads.
32-bit Oracle Java on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /home/"your_user_name"/Downloads
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /usr/local/java
64-bit Oracle Java on 64-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /home/"your_user_name"/Downloads
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /usr/local/java
5.复制Oracle Java压缩包到 /usr/local/java 目录下.通常压缩包会下载到 /home/"your_user_name"/下载.
32位Ubuntu上安装32位JDK步骤:
cd /home/"your_user_name"/下载
sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
cd /usr/local/java
64位Ubuntu上安装64位JDK步骤:
cd /home/"your_user_name"/下载
sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
cd /usr/local/java
6
Unpack the compressed Java binaries, in the directory /usr/local/java
32-bit Oracle Java on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz
64-bit Oracle Java on 64-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz
6.解压 /usr/local/java 目录下的JDK压缩包
32位Ubuntu上解压32位JDK步骤:
sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz
64位Ubuntu上解压64位JDK步骤:
sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz
7
Double-check your directories.At this point, you should have two uncompressed binary directories in /usr/local/java for the Java JDK/JRE listed as:
Type/Copy/Paste:
7.双击你的目录.此时,你应该可以在/usr/local/java文件夹下看到两个解压出来的存放 Java JDK/JRE文件夹, 如下:
ls -a
jdk1.8.0_20
jre1.8.0_20
8
Edit the system PATH file /etc/profile and add the following system variables to your system path.Use nano, gedit or any other text editor, as root, open up /etc/profile.
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo gedit /etc/profile
or
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo nano /etc/profile
8.编辑系统路径文件/etc/profile 添加下面的系统变量到你的系统路径中.已root用户,通过nano,gedit或者其他编辑器打开 /etc/profile:
sudo gedit /etc/profile
或者
sudo nano /etc/profile
9
Scroll down to the end of the file using your arrow keys and add the following lines below to the end of your /etc/profile file:
Type/Copy/Paste:
9.用你的方向键滚动到文件底部.将下面几行插入你的/etc/profile文件底部:
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jre1.8.0_20
PATH=$PATH:$JRE_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME
export JRE_HOME
export PATH
10.保持 /etc/profile 文件并退出
11
Inform your Ubuntu Linux system where your Oracle Java JDK/JRE is located.This will tell the system that the new Oracle Java version is available for use.
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java" 1
this command notifies the system that Oracle Java JRE is available for use
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20/bin/javac" 1
this command notifies the system that Oracle Java JDK is available for use
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20/bin/javaws" 1
this command notifies the system that Oracle Java Web start is available for use
