New York's investigations of Trump
纽约州对特朗普进行调查
On Tuesday, New York Attorney General Letitia James, a Democrat, announced a significant change in her long-running investigation of former president Donald Trump's business practices.
周二，纽约州总检察长、民主党人詹乐霞（Letitia James）宣布，在其对前总统唐纳德·特朗普商业行为的长期调查中，将出现重大变化。
Previously, her investigation had been a civil one. On Tuesday, however, James's office said in a statement it also was pursuing a criminal investigation, meaning that James could eventually file criminal charges against someone in Trump's orbit. A spokesman for the attorney general's office said James is working with Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance, a Democrat.
在此之前，她的调查仅限于民事范畴。然而，周二，总检察长办公室发表声明称，他们也在进行刑事调查，这意味着詹乐霞最终可能会对特朗普周边的人提起刑事指控。总检察长办公室的一位发言人说，詹乐霞正与曼哈顿的地方检察官赛勒斯·万斯合作，后者也是一位民主党人士。
We don't yet know the full scope of either investigation. From public filings, it appears both are focused on Trump's career as a private business executive, in the decade before he became president in 2017.
我们尚不知道这两项调查的全部范围。从公开档案来看，两人似乎都很关注特朗普在 2017 年当选总统的前十年间，其身为私企（特朗普集团）总裁的职业生涯。
The New York attorney general appeared to have taken a more targeted approach, focusing on a handful of transactions — and asking witnesses if Trump had misled taxing authorities or lenders. For instance, she asked if Trump had improperly avoided paying taxes when a lender forgave $100 million in debt on his Chicago tower.***
纽约州总检察长似乎采取了更有针对性的方法，聚焦于几笔交易，并向证人询问特朗普是否误导了税务机关或贷款人。例如，有贷款人免除了特朗普在芝加哥大厦上的 1 亿美元贷款，詹乐霞向对方询问特朗普是否在此事上存在不正当的逃税行为
Vance has sought documents on some of the same transactions that James highlighted. But his investigation has been far more broad. Vance asked for eight years' worth of tax documents from Trump's accountants. He has given little hint as to what he has found in that mountain of data.
对于詹乐霞关注的交易中，万斯已经找到了一些交易的相关文件，但他的调查范围要广得多。万斯向特朗普的会计师索要了八年的税务文件。至于他在如山的数据中发现了什么，万斯并没有透露口风。
On Wednesday, Trump attacked James's investigation on his personal blog, calling it "an investigation that is in desperate search of a crime."
周三，特朗普在他的个人博客上抨击了詹乐霞的调查，称之为“一场费尽心思的犯罪证据搜寻调查”。
Criminal charges might threaten Trump's liberty, or that of his family. If James files charges against a member of Trump's inner circle, it could increase pressure on that person to "flip" on Trump and testify against the former president to reduce their own legal liability.
刑事指控可能会威胁到特朗普，或者他家庭成员的自由。如果詹乐霞对特朗普核心圈子的一名成员提出指控，可能会给对方施压，迫使他“出卖”特朗普，并作证指控这位前总统，以减轻他们自己的法律责任。
主编：桃子
品控：桃子
审核：夏天
Photo Credit: KENA BETANCUR / AFP
重点词汇
Attorney General
总检察长，首席检察官
相关词汇：attorney（n. 律师，代理人）
相关词汇：general（adj. 总管的）
搭配短语：the general manager
long-running
/ˈlɑːŋ.rʌn.ɪŋ/
adj. 持久的，长久的
相关词汇：run（v. 运转，进行）
搭配短语：a long-running trade dispute
例句：A long-running lawsuit is pending.
practice
/'præk.tɪs/
n. 惯常做法，惯例
词性拓展：practice（v. 练习）
搭配短语：standard practice
civil
/'sɪv.əl/
adj. 民事的
文化补充：检察官可以发起民事调查和刑事调查。民事案件通常是私人之间的民事纠纷，可以通过庭外和解等方式解决。而刑事案件更加严重，除了影响个人的利益，还触犯了刑法，对整个社会都造成了危害。
在过去的一年中，詹乐霞一直对特朗普集团进行的是民事调查，调查该公司是否夸大其资产价值，以吸引投资和获得有利贷款条件。熟悉相关调查的一位联邦官员向美媒透露，詹乐霞办公室在民事调查中发现了“疑似犯罪”的相关证据，且总检察长办公室的两位律师已经被“跨办公室”分配加入万斯办公室的团队。
pursue
/pɚ'su:/
v. 继续进行，追究，从事；追求
搭配短语：to pursue a goal（追求）
英文释义：to continue to discuss, find out about or be involved in sth.
搭配短语：to pursue legal action
搭配短语：to pursue an investigation
criminal
/'krɪm.ɪ.nəl/
adj. 刑事的
file
/faɪl/
v. 提起（诉讼），提交（法律文件，申请书）
词性拓展：file（n. 文件）
搭配短语：to file a formal complaint
搭配短语：to file for sth.
搭配短语：to file for divorce
orbit
/ˈɔːr.bɪt/
n.（人、组织等的）影响范围；轨道
搭配短语：go into orbit（飞行器进入轨道；大幅攀升，大获成功）
例句：Prices have soared this year. = Prices have gone into orbit this year.
搭配短语：Trump's inner orbit
同义表达：Trump's inner circle
scope
/skoʊp/
n. 范围，领域
例句：We widened / broadened / extended the scope of our investigation.
搭配短语：to narrow / limit the scope
a handful of sth.
少数，少量；一把
搭配短语：a small handful of fresh coriander（一把）
搭配短语：a handful of countries（少数）
transaction
/træn'zæk.ʃən/
n. 交易，业务
搭配短语：cash transactions
搭配短语：credit card transactions
forgive
/fɚˈɡɪv/
v. 免除（债务）；原谅
英文释义：cancel a debt
highlight
/'haɪ.laɪt/
v. 使显著，使突出，强调；用荧光笔标出
例句：New policies highlights the risks for Chinese K-12 education companies.
近义词：focus
as to
关于
近义词：about
例句：There's no decision as to when the work might start.
(a) mountain of
大堆，大量
例句：He is out of a job and faces a mountain of debt.
搭配短语：a mountain of work
近义表达：a lot of work
in search of sth.
寻找（某物）
例句：We need to go out in search of firewood.
testify
/'tes.tɪ.faɪ/
v. 作证；证明，证实
搭配短语：testify to sth.
例句：His school reports testified to his ability.
搭配短语：testify against sb.
liability
/ˌlaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.t̬i/
n.（法律上对某事物的）责任，义务
相关词汇：Ltd. = limited liability company（有限责任公司）
搭配短语：Tencent Holdings Ltd.（腾讯控股有限责任公司）
