本文摘选自英国作家奥尔德斯·赫胥黎的Selected Snobberies,讨论世上种种势利现象。作者最为世人所知的代表作是《美丽新世界》。
第一段:英语精读1|疾病也有鄙视链?有些疾病会让人自觉高人一等?
第三段:英语精读3| 新潮时尚势利感,超前消费是商家精心策划的局?
Most of us are also art-snobs. There are two varieties of art-snobbery —— the platonic(柏拉图式的)and the unplatonic. Platonic art-snobs merely "take an interest" in art. Unplatonic art-snobs go further and actually buy art.
1. 翻译:我们中多数人也是艺术势利者,这种势利感有两类,一是纯精神的,另一类则与之相反。 纯精神的艺术势利者只是对艺术“感兴趣”,非精神的则进一步而且真的购买艺术。
Unplatonic art-snobbery is a hybrid(n.杂种) or mule(n. 骡; 骡子) ; for it is simultaneously a sub-species(n. (动植物的)亚种)of culture-snobbery and of possession-snobbery. A collection of works of art is a collection of culture symbols, and culture-symbols still carry social prestige. It is also a collection of wealth-symbols. For an art collection can represent money more effectively than a whole fleet of motor-cars.
2. simultaneously /saiməl'teiniəsli/ adv. 同时地
词根simul-,simil-,sim- 表示“同一时间”
simul- 同根词有:simulate (v.模仿,冒充);simulcast(n.,v.同时联播)
simil- 同根词有:similarity(n.相似性,类似性);assimilate (v.使同化)
3. fleet n. 舰队 adj. 快速的,敏捷的
例如:a fleet of battleships 战列舰舰队;a fleet of fishing boats渔船队
例句:The cheetah is the fleetest of animals. 猎豹是最轻捷的动物。
4. 翻译:这种势利感是一种杂交品种或者说是一头骡子,因为它同时是文化势利感和财产势利感的亚种,收集艺术作品就是收集文化象征,而文化象征则仍意味着社会声望。它又是财富象征的收集,因为艺术收藏比一整队汽车更能有效地代表金钱。
The value of art-snobbery, to living artists, is considerable. True, most art snobs collect only the works of the dead; for an Old Master is both a safer investment and a holier culture-symbol than a living master. But some art-snobs are also modernity-snobs. There are enough of them, with the few eccentrics who like works of art for their own sake, to provide living artists with the means of subsistence.
5. considerable adj. 相当大的;重要的,值得考虑的
例句:She is a woman with considerable culture. 是一个文化修养很高的女子。
例句:He is a considerable man in the scientific world. 他是科学界一个值得尊敬的人。
6. holier 是holy (adj. 圣洁的,神圣的;至善的)的比较级
7. eccentric adj. 古怪的,反常的 n. 古怪的人
例句: The old lady has some eccentric habits. 这个老妇人有些古怪的习惯。
拓展:queer,odd,funny,crazy,curious,peculiar,strange,eccentric,quaint,singular 这些形容词均含有“奇怪的,奇异的,新奇的”之意。
8. 翻译:艺术势利感对活着的艺术家具有极大的价值。的确,多数艺术势利者只收集已故的艺术家的作品,因为跟在世的艺术大师比,古代艺术大师的作品既是安全的投资又是较神圣的文化象征。但某些艺术势利者同时也是新潮势利者,他们这些人再加上少数出于对艺术品本身的喜爱而买画的怪人,足以使活着的艺术家获得必需的生活资料。
The value of snobbery in general, its humanistic "point", consists in its power to stimulate activity. A society with plenty of snobberies is like a dog with plenty of fleas: it is not likely to become comatose(昏睡状态) . Every snobbery demands of its devotees unceasing efforts, a succession of sacrifices.
9. devotee n. 信徒;爱好者
10. unceasing adj. 不断的;不停的
例句:The practice improved only unceasing innovation can make information consultancy service lifeful. 实践证明,只有不断创新,信息咨询服务才会有活力。
cease vi. 停止;终了 vt. 停止;结束 n. 停止
11. succession n. 连续;继位;继承权
a succession of 一连串
a succession of errors 接二连三的错误。
the succession of the seasons 四季的接续
12. 翻译:总的来说,势利感的价值,即它与人相关的意义在于它有能刺激行动的能力。一个有许多种势利感的社会就像一只有许多跳蚤的狗,它不太可能变得麻木倦惰。每种势利感都要求其信徒作出不懈的努力,一个接一个的牺牲。
The society-snob must be perpetually lion-hunting; the modernity-snob can never rest from trying to be up-to-date. Swiss doctors and the Best that has been thought or said must be the daily and nightly preoccupation of all the snobs respectively of disease and culture.
13. perpetually adv. 永恒地,持久地
14. lion-hunting vi. 巴结社会名流
15. 翻译:对社会地位,势利者必须不停地巴结社会名流,新潮势利者永远不可能停止追求时尚,疾病或文化势利者各自朝思暮想的必定是瑞士医生或人们被称作是最好的一切。