请求方式
CURL
curl -X<VERB> '<PROTOCOL>://<HOST>:<PORT>/<PATH>?<QUERY_STRING>' -d '<BODY>'
| TAG | 描述 |
|---|---|
| VERB | 适当的 HTTP 方法 或 谓词 : GET、 POST、 PUT、 HEAD 或者 DELETE。 |
| PROTOCOL | http 或者 https（如果你在 Elasticsearch 前面有一个 https 代理） |
| HOST | Elasticsearch 集群中任意节点的主机名，或者用 localhost 代表本地机器上的节点。 |
| PORT | 运行 Elasticsearch HTTP 服务的端口号，默认是 9200 。 |
| PATH | API 的终端路径（例如 _count 将返回集群中文档数量）。Path 可能包含多个组件，例如：_cluster/stats 和 _nodes/stats/jvm 。 |
| QUERY_STRING | 任意可选的查询字符串参数 (例如 ?pretty 将格式化地输出 JSON 返回值，使其更容易阅读) |
| BODY | 一个 JSON 格式的请求体 (如果请求需要的话) |
POSMAN
可以使用POSMAN进行调试
例:
- curl:
请求:
获取集群中文档的数量
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_count?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
'
返回:
{
"count" : 1,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
}
}
-
POSMAN:
通过posman获取集群文档数量
实战
新增索引和数据
curl
- 请求:
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}
'
- 返回:
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "2",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
posman
新增文档
详解:
megacorp : 索引名称
employee : 类型名称
1 : 特定ID
获取文档
curl
- 请求:
[hadoop@centos-linux data]$ curl -XGET
- 返回:
'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty'
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 2,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests" : [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
posman
获取文档
简单查询
curl
- 请求
curl -GET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty'
- 返回
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 2,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "Jane",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 32,
"about" : "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests" : [
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests" : [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
POSMAN
简单查询
简单条件查询
curl
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?q=first_name=Jane&pretty'
- 返回
{
"took" : 17,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.2876821,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "Jane",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 32,
"about" : "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests" : [
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
posman
简单条件查询
简单查询表达式
curl
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"first_name" : "John"
}
}
}
'
- 返回
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.2876821,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests" : [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
posman
简单表达式查询
复杂搜索
查询 last_name 为: smith,并且 age > 30
curl
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query" : {
"bool": {
"must": {
"match" : {
"last_name" : "smith"
}
},
"filter": {
"range" : {
"age" : { "gt" : 30 }
}
}
}
}
}
'
- 返回
{
"took" : 14,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.2876821,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "Jane",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 32,
"about" : "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests" : [
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
posman
复杂查询体查询
全文检索
查找所有喜欢攀岩的雇员(rock climbing)
curl
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp2/employee2/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
}
}
'
- 返回
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0.5753642,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "megacorp2",
"_type": "employee2",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.5753642,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "megacorp2",
"_type": "employee2",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"first_name": "Jane",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 32,
"about": "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests": [
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
posman
请求
返回
Elasticsearch 默认按照相关性得分排序，即每个文档跟查询的匹配程度。第一个最高得分的结果很明显：John Smith 的 about 属性清楚地写着 “rock climbing” 。
但为什么 Jane Smith 也作为结果返回了呢？原因是她的 about 属性里提到了 “rock” 。因为只有 “rock” 而没有 “climbing” ，所以她的相关性得分低于 John 的。
这是一个很好的案例，阐明了 Elasticsearch 如何 在 全文属性上搜索并返回相关性最强的结果。Elasticsearch中的 相关性 概念非常重要，也是完全区别于传统关系型数据库的一个概念，数据库中的一条记录要么匹配要么不匹配。
强制匹配搜索
curl
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp2/employee2/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
}
}
'
- 返回
{
"took": 8,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.5753642,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "megacorp2",
"_type": "employee2",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.5753642,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}
posman
match_phrase
只会返回明确匹配的
高亮搜索
curl
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields" : {
"about" : {}
}
}
}
'
- 返回
{
"took" : 44,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.5753642,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests" : [
"sports",
"music"
]
},
"highlight" : {
"about" : [
"I love to go <em>rock</em> <em>climbing</em>"
]
}
}
]
}
}
posman
-
请求
请求 -
返回
image.png
简单聚合
获取雇员最受欢迎的兴趣爱好
- 请求
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": { "field": "interests" }
}
}
}
'
- 返回
{
"took" : 5,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 2,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "Jane",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 32,
"about" : "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests" : [
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "megacorp",
"_type" : "employee",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests" : [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
},
"aggregations" : {
"all_interests" : {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound" : 0,
"sum_other_doc_count" : 0,
"buckets" : [
{
"key" : "music",
"doc_count" : 2
},
{
"key" : "sports",
"doc_count" : 1
}
]
}
}
}
posman
-
请求
image.png -
返回
image.png
注意: 如果聚合操作报错的话,执行:
fielddata
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/megacorp/_mapping/employee/' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"properties": {
"interests": {
"type": "text",
"fielddata": true
}
}
}'
