day 12 单词整理

1.car∙diac adj.[only before noun]

•(medical医)connectedwith the heart or heart disease 心脏的；心脏病的:

»cardiac disease / failure / surgery 心脏病；心力衰竭；心脏手术

»to suffer cardiac arrest(= an occasion when a person's heart stops temporarily or permanently) 心脏停搏

cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺复苏

3.grubby adj.(grub∙bier,grub∙bi∙est)

1. rather dirty, usually because it has not been washed or cleaned 肮脏的；邋遢的；污秽的:

»grubby hands / clothes 脏手/衣服

--› note at dirty

2. unpleasant because it involves activities that are dishonest or immoral 卑鄙的；可鄙的

4.mo∙men∙tum

noun[U]

1. the ability to keep increasing or developing推进力；动力；势头:

»They began to lose momentum in the second half ofthe game. 在比赛的下半场,他们的势头就逐渐减弱。

2. a force that is gained by movement 冲力:

»The vehicle gained momentum as the road dipped. 那辆车顺着坡越跑冲力越大。

gain/​gather momentum:Interest in human rights issues has gained momentum.

lose momentum:There was already evidence that the riots were losing their momentum.

maintain the momentum/​keep the momentum going:We mustmaintain the momentum of reform.

5.A fraction of sth:一小部分…

6.A host of5.[C]~ of sb / stha large number of people or things •许多；大量:

»a host of possibilities多种可能性

9.bulknoun

1.[sing.]the ~ (of sth)themain part of sth; most of sth •主体；大部份:

»The bulk of the population lives in cities. 大多数人口居住在城市里。

2.[U]the (large) size or quantity of sth  (大)体积；大(量):

»Despite its bulk and weight, the car is extremely fast. 尽管这辆车大而且重,速度却非常快。

»a bulk order(= six for a large number of similar items) 一份大批量的订单

»bulk buying(= buying in large amounts, often at a reduced price) (常指以低价)大量购买

sift/sift/ verb

2.~ (through) sthto examine sth very carefully in order to decide whatis important or useful or to find sth important 细查；详审:

»We will sift every scrap of evidence.我们将细查每一点证据。

3.[VN]~ sth (out) from sthto separate sthfrom a group of things区分；挑选；精选:

»She looked quickly through the papers, sifting out from the pile anything that looked interesting. 她很快地翻了一下那摞文件,把所有看着有趣的东西都拣了出来。

sift sth∽'out

2. to separate sth, usually sth you do not want, from a group of things•剔除；淘汰:

»We need to sift out the applications that have no chance of succeeding. 我们需要剔出那些成功无望的申请。

7.sen∙sor noun

• a device that can react to light, heat, pressure, etc. in order to make amachine, etc. do sth or show sth  (探测光、热、压力等的)传感器,敏感元件,探测设备:

8.pharma∙ceut∙ical /adj.[only before noun]

• connected with making and selling drugs and medicines 制药的；配药的；卖药的:

»the pharmaceutical industry 制药业

noun[usually pl.]

•(technical术语)a drug ormedicine•药物:

»the development of new pharmaceuticals新药的开发

Pharma：制药公司

10.in∙sur∙gent noun[usuallypl.]

• (formal) a person fighting against the government or armed forces oftheir own country •起义者；叛乱者；造反者SYNrebel

in∙sur∙gent adj. 【SYN】rebellious

11.genomic sequencing:基因组测序

12.reimbursement：compensation补偿

13.dia∙bet∙ic adj.

1. having or connected with diabetes 糖尿病的；患糖尿病的:

»She's diabetic. 她患有糖尿病。

»diabetic complications 糖尿病并发症

2. suitable for or used by sb who has diabetes •适合糖尿病患者的；专供糖尿病患者吃的:

»a diabetic diet 适合糖尿病患者的饮食

noun

• a person who suffers from diabetes •糖尿病患者

14.de∙ride/di5raid/

verb[VN]

•[often passive]~ sb / sth (as sth)(formal) to treat sb / sth as ridiculous and not worthconsidering seriously •嘲笑；愚弄；揶揄

【SYN】mock:

»His views were derided as old-fashioned. 他的观点被当作旧思想受到嘲弄。

[also Vspeech]

15.back∙drop(BrEalsoback∙cloth)

noun

1. a painted piece of cloth that is hung behind the stage in a theatre as partof the scenery (舞台的)背景幕布

2. everything that can be seen around an event that is taking place, but whichis not part of that event • (事件发生时)周围陪衬景物:

»The mountains provided a dramatic backdrop for our picnic.

群山如画,给我们的野餐平添景色。

3. the general conditions in which an event takes place, which sometimes helpto explain that event  (事态或活动的)背景:

»It was against this backdrop of racial tension that the civil war began.这场内战肇端于种族之间的紧张状态。

16.hedge

noun

1. a row of bushes or small trees planted close together, usually along the edgeof a field, garden / yard or road•树篱:

2.~ against stha way of protecting yourself against the loss of sth,especially money防止损失(尤指金钱)的手段:

»to buy gold as a hedge against inflation 购买黄金以抵消通货膨胀造成的损失

verb

1.[V]to avoid giving a direct answer to a question orpromising to support a particular idea, etc. •避免正面回答；不直接许诺；拐弯抹角:

»Just answer 'yes' or 'no'—and stop hedging. 就回答"是"或"否"——别再闪烁其词了。

2.[VN]to put a hedge around a field,etc. 在(田地等周围)植树篱；用树篱围住

3.[VN] [usually passive]~ sb / sth (about / around) (with sth)(formal)to surround or limit sb / sth 包围；限制:

»Their offer was hedged around with all sorts of conditions. 他们的建议附带了各种各样的限制条件。

【IDIOMS】

'hedge against sth

• to do sth to protect yourself against problems, especially against losingmoney 采取保护措施(尤指为避免损失金钱):

»a way of hedging against currency risks 避免货币风险的保值措施

hedge sb / sth∽'in

• to surround sb / sth with sth•包围；环绕 【SYN】hem sb / sth in:

»The cathedral is now hedged in by other buildings. 大教堂现在被其他建筑物包围着。

17.block∙bust∙er

noun

• (informal)something very successful, especially a very successful bookor film / movie •一鸣惊人的事物；(尤指)非常成功的书(或电影):

»a Hollywood blockbuster 一部好莱坞大片

block∙bust∙ing adj.:

»a blockbusting performance 引起轰动的演出

18.insulin medication胰岛素治疗

19.lu∙cra∙tive

adj.

• producing a large amount of money; making a large profit赚大钱的；获利多的:

»alucrative business / contract / market 利润丰厚的生意/合同/市场

20.in∙pa∙tient noun

• a person who stays in a hospital while receiving treatment住院病人

21.out∙pa∙tient noun

• a person who goes to a hospital for treatment but does not stay there门诊病人:

»an outpatient clinic 门诊部

22.ultra∙sound noun

1.[U]sound that is higher than humans can hear 超声；超音

2.[U, C]a medical process that produces an image of what is inside your body  •超声波扫描检查:

»Ultrasound showed she was expecting twins. 超声波扫描显示她怀了双胞胎。

23.mam∙mo∙gram noun

• an examination of a breast using X-rays to check for cancer •乳房X光检查

24.kid∙ney noun

1.[C]either of the two organs in the body that remove waste productsfrom the blood and produce urine •肾；肾脏:

»a kidney infection 肾感染

25.con∙cus∙sion/kEn5kQFn/

noun[U]

•(This word is only [C] in NAmE.在北美英语中只作可数名词。)a temporary loss of consciousness caused by a blow to thehead; the effects of a severe blow to the head such as confusion and temporaryloss of physical and mental abilities •脑震荡:

»(BrE)He was taken to hospital with concussion. 他因脑震荡被送进医院。

27.con∙tra∙cep∙tive noun

• a drug, device or practice used to prevent a woman becoming pregnant 避孕药；避孕用具；避孕措施:

»oral contraceptives 口服避孕药

con∙tra∙cep∙tiveadj.[only before noun]:

»a contraceptive pill 避孕药丸

»contraceptive advice / precautions / methods 避孕咨询/措施/方法

28.onset noun[sing.]

• the beginning of sth, especially sth unpleasant •开端,发生,肇始(尤指不快的事件):

»the onset of disease / old age / winter 疾病的发作；老年的开始；冬天的来临

29.meno∙pause(also informal the'change (of life))  noun[U]

• (often the menopause)[sing.]the time during which a woman gradually stopsmenstruating, usually at around theage of 50 绝经期；(妇女的)更年期:

»to reach (the) menopause 到更年期

meno∙pausal/ adj.:

»menopausal women / symptoms 更年期的妇女/症状

30.oner∙ous adj.

• (formal)needing great effort; causing trouble or worry •费力的；艰巨的；令人焦虑的

»anonerous duty / task / responsibility 繁重的义务/工作/职责

31array .verb[VN] [usually passive](formal)

1. to arrange a group of things in a pleasing way so that they are in order •布置；排列:

»Jars of all shapes and sizes were arrayed on the shelves.

在搁架上整齐地排列着大大小小各式各样的罐子。

33.ex∙acer∙bate verb[VN]

• (formal) to make sth worse, especially a disease or problem 使恶化；使加剧；使加重

【SYN】aggravate:

»The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs. 这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。

ex∙acer∙ba∙tionnoun[U, C]

34.scru∙tiny noun[U]

• (formal) careful and thorough examination仔细检查；认真彻底的审查

【SYN】inspection:

»Her argument doesn't really stand up to scrutiny. 她的观点经不起认真推敲。

»The documents should be available for public scrutiny. 这些文件须公之于世,交由公众审议。

35.cava∙lier/7kAvE5liE(r);NAmE-5lir/

adj.[usually before noun]

• not caring enough about sth important or about the feelings of other people 漫不经心的；不在乎的:

»The government takes acavalier attitudeto the problems ofprison overcrowding 政府对监狱拥挤不堪的问题不闻不问。

con∙sent noun

1.[U]~ (to sth)permission todo sth, especially given by sb in authority •同意；准许；允许:

»Children under 16 cannot give consent to medical treatment.  16岁以下的儿童不得自行同意接受治疗。

»The written consent of a parent is required. 要求有家长的书面同意。

37.verb

•~ (to sth)(ratherformal) to agree to sth or give yourpermission for sth

•同意；准许；允许:

»When she told them what she intended they readily consented. 她告诉他们她的打算时,他们欣然同意。

day 13 思维导图

安妮导图

day 14 反思总结

思维导图

这次的思维导图是自己第一次没有参照安妮老师的导图思路，自己独立完成初稿的。

这篇文章自我感觉没有上一篇新能源的难，主要可能是上学期的科技英语课上，老师给我们讲过相关的内容，有了初步的背景知识。

至于文章的把握，我也跳出了按照时间顺序或者是小标题的框架，根据安妮老师上节课的分析，抓住文章中不变的对象，画出不同因素之间的关系。除此之外，文章的前半段也具体讲了三个受影响的方面，所以我就围绕“traditional innovators”” incumbents” “

technological insurgents”三个主体进行关系梳理。

在画出基本的逻辑框架之后，我去对比了安妮老师的思维导图。发现自己漏了核心的内容：一是digital healthcare的具体内容，也就是哪些科技手段的运用，在我的思维导图里并没有体现；二是这三个主体之间是怎么互相影响的？我虽然列出了每个的利弊，但是相互之间是如何作用的并没有从图中体现出来。因此我又对图进行了修改，得到了现在的图。

内容

对于医疗科技改革，也是我们能够切实感受到的变化与进步。无论是医院内的自助挂号，还是现在的网上预约，这些最基本的服务确实让我们省去了很多等待的时间。网络会诊、探测监控等虽然我没有切实体验过，但他也确实给我们带来一种进步和便利的感觉。

其实在我的设想中，未来能够建立一个人完整的电子档案，包含在一张芯片之中，就像人的身份证一样。这样，你去看病的时候就不要总是带着一打的病例，遇到突发状况，医生也能及时的了解到病历，免去复杂的程序。而这张芯片，最好也能是和人的生理状况实时同步、实时监测，对各种指标有一个监控，这样也就能够及时的防范各种潜在疾病。

而对于未来存在的考验：精准、隐私和安全，这三个方面确实是人们最关心的问题。如何能够保证病人能够得到最精准的病情，而不是像百度等网站上的江湖赤脚医生给出的不靠谱的答案。这不仅仅要求人工智能进行数据处理与分析的精确，还要有专家医生的切实保障，而具体又该怎么做到这一点呢？我确实好奇。隐私，其实我觉得不是一个大问题。但是也有看到材料说，倘若建立了大的病历数据库，那么每个人的病历也可能都成了研究、调查的样本，这样的话是不是也侵犯了隐私？安全的话，是不是和“精准”比较相似？这我也不是很清楚~