前言
用文字去形容声音是件很抽象的事,比如这音色黏黏的(触觉)；这音色会喷出一道淡棕色的光芒(视觉)；有奶油的香味(嗅觉)。 当然不是每个人都能通过文字有同感，但形容音色时人们还是会多用这些非听觉感官的形容词做诠释。 不过希望下面这些术语的专有名词解释能为你节省一些收集整理的时间～
01
起音：音调起始的酥脆感。或快或慢，清脆或顿浊。
attack: the initial crispness of the note; it can be fast or slow, crisp or dull.
02
平衡：乐器的特徵，指的是高、中、低频的音色拥有非常接近的音量大小。
balance: the characteristic of an instrument in which the upper, mid, and lower tones have very similar loudness.
03
低音：低位弦的音调。低频。
bass: the notes on the lower strings; the lower frequencies.
(注：这裡的低位弦泛指吉他的第四、五、六弦的低音弦，
音高为E2 82Hz, A2 110Hz, G3 195Hz)
04
音繁期(?)开花期(X)，繁荣期(X)：音调在起音之后变大声的时期。
bloom: the way a note seems to get louder just after the initial attack.
05
暸亮：强调高音部发音的高次谐波。
bright: a pronounced upper harmonic that accentuates the upper register.
(注：谐音，或指谐波，这个也要另外解释。高音部泛指高于2000Hz或3000Hz的音高。这边很难界定，但就吉他而言会是第一、二弦的B3 247Hz, E4 330Hz。
只不过就算第一弦22格的音高D6 1175Hz，以EQ来看都还不到2KHz。另外，我只提到基音，没把谐波算进去啦)。
06
乐钟声(Chime)：持续延长且带著闪闪发亮的高音谐波。
chimey: sustains with shimmery, high harmonics.
07
品等(?)砍、劈、剁(X)：泛指音乐上的熟练。
举例来说，一个演奏者有良好的品等就是个技术纯熟的表演者。
chops: refers to musical proficiency; for example, a player with good chops a skilled player.
08
合声：物理上是指非常短的延迟，大概20 ~ 50ms，与原来的讯号混合产生如梦似幻的效果。
09
副歌：一首歌中反覆重覆或是与主歌不一样的段落。
chorus: in a song, the part that either repeats or is considerably different from the verse; electronically, a very short delay, 20-50 milliseconds, blended with the original signal for a dreamy effect.
10
清澈：音符与和絃能够有区别且轮廓分明，但又不会太尖锐刺耳。
clarity: the way notes and chords are distinct and well defined, but not strident.
11
压缩：一种将声音调整的方法，以防止过大声或太小声，
维持整体音量到一个较狭窄的动态范围(Dynamic Range)；
压缩也许会增加延音(Sustain)，或者它可能会限制音量基淮(Level)而产生破音(Distortion)。
compression: the way a sound is altered to prevent overly loud or overly soft sounds, keeping the overall volume to a narrower dynamic range; compression may enhance sustain, or it may limit the level that might cause distortion.
(注：对初学者来说，一个名词解释裡又看到延音、动态范围跟破音真的太残忍了。好在延音与动态范围在这裡有解释到。)
12
切割力：能从各式各样的乐器和音色中被听到或辨识到的能力。
通常跟音量大小、明显的起音以及高次谐波含量。
cutting power: the ability to be heard through a variety of instruments and tones. Usually associated with loudness, a pronounced attack and upper-harmonic content.
13
衰减：一段在起音之后的声音部位，在起音与延音之间。
decay: the portion of the note immediately after the attack, just between attack and sustain.
(注：看这边的图就知道道了： Roland专门术语词典：Attack
起音随时间来到最大音量的顶点，接著就会因为音量减少而往下走。
而往下的这一段就是衰减了。)
14
清晰度：清楚建构的音高与起音。
definition: clearly established pitch and attack.
15
深度：对低音的音调确定属性；若一把吉他有好的深度，那就有很强的低音音调：
16
不刺耳，不爆音，不糊成一块。
depth: the positive attribute of low notes; a guitar with good depth haves strong – not strident, boomy or mushy – bass notes.
17
乾燥感：主要定义在基音(原音)以及低序的谐波含量；
常用来描述一把吉他音色没有过于複杂的谐波含量。
dry or dryness: defined primarily by the fundamental and low-order harmonic content; often used to describe a guitar without complex harmonic content.
18
持续时间：通常跟延音做连结的一段时间测量；
一个弹奏一个和弦或一个单音持续的时间量。
(一般来说，多数的和絃能持续六到十二秒钟。)
duration: a measure of time usually associated with sustain; the amount of time a chord or note lasts when played (most chords will last six to twelve seconds).
19
动态范围：一项乐器从最小到最大声，在能听见的音乐有用输出。
dynamic range: The audible and musically usable output of an instrument from its quietest to its loudest.
20
力度变化：一项乐器在弹奏非常轻，轻轻地，中等，大力时产生不同音量的能力。
也可以说是吉他输出从轻柔到吵嘈的范围。请见动态范围。
dynamics: an instrument’s ability to produce different sounds when played very softly, softly, medium, and hard; also, the range of the guitar’s output from soft to loud. See dynamic range.
21
反应平均：一项乐器产生出与振幅与谐波含量十分接近的音调。
evenness of response: when the notes from an instrument are very close in amplitude and harmonic content.
(注：这真的要看振幅的文章才会清楚。裡面会提到even harmonics、odd harmonics。)
22
饱满：通常是指丰富的基音与谐音。
full: usually refers to abundant fundamental and harmonics.
23
基音：根音，与他的谐波含量分隔。
fundamental: the root note, separate from its harmonic content.
24
谐音：一项乐器自然出现声音高峰的频率响应，与根音之上的隔间，
八度音的形式，较高的四五度，和一些单间隔有关。
harmonics: the naturally occurring peaks in the frequency response of an instrument that correspond to intervals above the root note, in the form of octaves, higher fourths and fifths, and some odd intervals.(注：这一定要把振幅讲清楚才行了。)
25
声调：一项乐器，用正确音淮弹奏它的整个范围，透过补偿的技术来达成的能力。
intonation: the ability of an instrument to play in tune through its entire range, which is accomplished via a technique called compensation.(注：这就是所谓的文绉绉的翻译，企图让人看不懂。用语言学来看就是语调的仰扬顿挫)
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