TED Talk >> Malcolm Gladwell: The unheard story of David and Goliath
So finally, to break the deadlock, the Philistines send their mightiest warrior down into the valley floor, and he calls out and he says to the Israelites, "Send your mightiest warrior down, and we'll have this out, just the two of us."
所以最后，为了打破僵局，腓力斯人派出了他们最勇猛的战士来到了山谷里，大声叫喊。他对以色列人挑衅：“把你们最强的战士叫下来，就我们俩，来决一死战。”
This was a tradition in ancient warfare called single combat. It was a way of settling disputes without incurring the bloodshed of a major battle. And the Philistine who is sent down, their mighty warrior, is a giant. He's 6 foot 9. He's outfitted head to toe in this glittering bronze armor, and he's got a sword and he's got a javelin and he's got his spear. He is absolutely terrifying. And he's so terrifying that none of the Israelite soldiers want to fight him. It's a death wish, right? There's no way they think they can take him.
这是古代战争的一种传统，叫单一战斗。它可以解决纠纷，避免战争中大规模的流血事件。腓力斯人派出的，是他们最强壮的战士，是个巨人。他身高接近2米1，他从头到脚都装备着闪亮的青铜铠甲，手持利剑和标枪，还有一支矛，威风凛凛。他太可怕了，以至于没有一个以色列战士敢去迎战。这不找死吗，对吧？他们觉得肯定打不赢他。
And finally the only person who will come forward is this young shepherd boy, and he goes up to Saul and he says, "I'll fight him."
最后，唯一一个自告奋勇的人，是个牧童。他走到索尔面前，说，“我来跟他打”。
And Saul says, "You can't fight him. That's ridiculous. You're this kid. This is this mighty warrior."
索尔说，“你打不过的，这太荒谬了，你只是个小孩，而他是勇猛的战士。”
But the shepherd is adamant. He says, "No, no, no, you don't understand, I have been defending my flock against lions and wolves for years. I think I can do it."
但这个牧童很固执，连说，“不不不， 你不知道，多年来，我为了保护我的羊群，免受狮子狼群的袭击。我可以的。”
And Saul has no choice. He's got no one else who's come forward. So he says, "All right." And then he turns to the kid, and he says, "But you've got to wear this armor. You can't go as you are."
索尔没办法，因为除了他，没人敢去了。所以他同意了，“好吧。” 然后又转身对这牧童说： “但你得穿上这铠甲，你不能就这么去。”
So he tries to give the shepherd his armor, and the shepherd says, "No." He says, "I can't wear this stuff." The Biblical verse is, "I cannot wear this for I have not proved it," meaning, "I've never worn armor before. You've got to be crazy."
然后就准备给他穿上铠甲，这是牧童拒绝了。“不。” 他说，“我不穿这个。” 圣经的诗歌原话是，“吾，未曾披甲而战，故，不着甲。” 意思就是，“我从来就没穿过铠甲，你疯了吗要我穿这个”
So he reaches down instead on the ground and picks up five stones and puts them in his shepherd's bag and starts to walk down the mountainside to meet the giant. And the giant sees this figure approaching, and calls out, "Come to me so I can feed your flesh to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field." He issues this kind of taunt towards this person coming to fight him. And the shepherd draws closer and closer, and the giant sees that he's carrying a staff. That's all he's carrying. Instead of a weapon, just this shepherd's staff, and he says -- he's insulted -- "Am I a dog that you would come to me with sticks?"
然后他就蹲到地上，捡了五颗石子，放进了他的牧羊包里，然后就下山找巨人去了。巨人看到他来了，挑衅说，“过来吧，我要把你的肉，献给天上的鸟儿和地里的野兽。” 他对这个前来和他单挑的年轻人，大肆奚落。牧童越来越接近巨人。而巨人看到他扛着一根木棒，他只带了这个，没有武器，只有这根木棒。巨人说——他觉得他被羞辱了——他 “我是条狗吗？你拿木棒？”
And the shepherd boy takes one of his stones out of his pocket, puts it in his sling and rolls it around and lets it fly and it hits the giant right between the eyes -- right here, in his most vulnerable spot -- and he falls down either dead or unconscious, and the shepherd boy runs up and takes his sword and cuts off his head, and the Philistines see this and they turn and they just run.
这时牧童从他的袋子里取出了一块石头，放在他的投石绳上，抡了几圈绳子，然后甩出了石头。石头直直地砸在巨人的眉间，那里是他最脆弱的部位，巨人应声而倒，也不知是死了还是晕了。牧童就赶紧跑过去，拿起他的剑，把他的头砍了下来。腓力斯人见状，掉头就跑。
And of course, the name of the giant is Goliath and the name of the shepherd boy is David, and the reason that story has obsessed me over the course of writing my book is that everything I thought I knew about that story turned out to be wrong.
这个巨人的名字，叫做哥利亚，而这个牧童，叫做大卫。在我写书的过程中，这个故事之所以让我困惑，原因是，原本我以为我知道这个故事，但后来发现，原来我的理解错了。
Question
- Why does King Saul allow David to fight?
> All of his other soldiers are too scared of Goliath. - What does the Goliath mean, when he says "Am I a dog that you would come to me with sticks"
> He's insulted because he thinks David isn't taking the fight seriously. - If you think you can take somebody in battle, you think you can
> defeat them - To be vulnerable means
> to be open to attack or harm - Why did armies agree to a fight between two soldiers?
> They want to resolve the deadlock without killing too many people. - Why has Goliath feel insulted as David approaches?
> He assumed that he would be fighting heavy infantry. - To have a death wish means
> to seek out one's own death.
Listen and Repeat
- When he says, "Come to me," Goliath expectes David to come to him to fight hand to hand.
